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Syria, a historical gem in the Middle East, offers visitors an incredible array of ancient sites, vibrant culture, and breathtaking landscapes. From the iconic ruins of Palmyra to the bustling markets of Damascus, Syria is a destination that will leave you awestruck. Wander through maze-like alleyways of Old Aleppo, explore the majestic Krak des Chevaliers, or marvel at the stunning landscapes of the Dead Cities. With its rich history and warm hospitality, Syria is a must-visit for any traveler with a passion for exploration.
Immerse yourself in the rich history of Syria and explore its ancient ruins and cultural treasures.
Discover the hidden gems of Syria by venturing off the beaten path and exploring its lesser-known sites.
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Syria: A Land of Ancient Civilizations
| Capital | Damascus |
| Time in Syria | GMT +2 |
| Language spoken | Arabic |
| Population | 17,070,135 (Worldometer, 2021) |
| Religion | Muslim (87%) Christian (10%) Druze (3%) |
| Currency | Syrian Pound (SYP) |
| Airports | Damascus International Airport Aleppo International Airport Latakia International Airport |
Embracing a rich mosaic of civilizations, Syria stands as a testament to the indomitable spirit of human history and cultural evolution. Situated at the crossroads of Asia, Africa, and Europe, it has been a cradle for some of the world’s oldest cities and empires. Palmyra’s ancient ruins, Aleppo’s citadel, and the Umayyad Mosque in Damascus echo tales of Roman emperors, crusader knights, and Islamic caliphs.
Tourists have long been drawn to Syria’s vibrant tapestry of cultures, traditions, and archaeological wonders. Beyond its historic landmarks, Syria offers bustling souks, evocative landscapes, and a cuisine rich in flavors and history. It’s a nation where every stone and alley has a story, narrating epochs of trade, conquest, faith, and resilience.
Although recent times have cast a shadow on its illustrious past due to conflict, the indelible spirit of the Syrian people and the nation’s inherent charm remains. There’s an inherent hope that the world will once again be drawn to its unparalleled historic splendor and the warm hospitality of its people, as the nation seeks to rebuild and reclaim its position on the world’s tourism map.
Where is Syria located?
Situated in Western Asia, Syria borders the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and both Lebanon and Israel to the southwest.
What is Syria famous for?
Syria is renowned for its ancient cities like Palmyra and Aleppo, its significant role in history, rich cultural tapestry, and iconic landmarks such as the Umayyad Mosque in Damascus.
History
Prehistoric Era: Cradle of Civilization
Occupied since ancient times, Syria boasts some of the world’s earliest known civilizations. Archeological sites, such as those at Ebla, reveal advanced city-states that existed as early as the third millennium BC, shedding light on the region’s ancient cultures and societies.
2nd Millennium BC: Age of Empires
Over the centuries, Syria was the focal point for numerous great empires. The Hittites, Assyrians, and Babylonians all vied for control over this strategic land. The diverse influences left a tapestry of cultures, languages, and religions that shaped the Syrian identity.
333 BC – 636 AD: Hellenistic and Roman Eras
Following Alexander the Great’s conquests, Syria became a center of Hellenistic culture under the Seleucid Empire. Later, the Romans annexed it, making Syria a prosperous Roman province. Landmarks such as the ruins of Palmyra and the street of columns in Apamea are remnants of this classical era.
636 AD: Islamic Conquest
The 7th century marked a significant turning point as Arab Muslim armies conquered Syria. The Umayyad Caliphate, with its capital in Damascus, spread Islam throughout the region, embedding it deeply into the cultural and social fabric of Syria.
12th to 13th Century: Crusades and Ayyubids
The medieval period saw the Crusaders establishing footholds in Syria, leading to centuries of religious and territorial conflict. Saladin, the founder of the Ayyubid dynasty, played a significant role in recapturing lands from the Crusaders, further cementing Muslim control over the region.
16th to 20th Century: Ottoman Era to French Mandate
From the 16th century to the end of World War I, Syria was part of the vast Ottoman Empire. Following the empire’s dissolution, the Sykes-Picot Agreement carved the Middle East into zones of influence, leading to the French Mandate in Syria. Nationalistic fervor grew during this period, with Syrians resisting foreign control and seeking independence.
20th Century: Independence and Turbulence
In 1946, Syria achieved independence, heralding a new era of self-governance. However, the following decades were marked by political instability, coups, and regional tensions. The Ba’ath Party’s rise to power and the ascendancy of the Assad family in 1971 marked a new phase, bringing stability but also autocracy.
21st Century: Civil War and Hope for the Future
The Arab Spring of 2011 reached Syria, leading to a civil war that devastated the country. Conflicting interests of internal factions, regional powers, and global superpowers intensified the crisis. Yet, amidst the devastation, the resilient Syrian people continue to hope for peace, stability, and a brighter future for their historic land.
Visit Syria
What to see and do in Syria
Syria is a country rich in historical and cultural attractions. Here are some of the must-see sights and activities for visitors:
- Explore the ancient city of Damascus, one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. Marvel at the Umayyad Mosque, an architectural masterpiece.
- Visit the ancient ruins of Palmyra, a UNESCO World Heritage site. Admire the well-preserved Roman architecture and learn about the city’s fascinating history.
- Discover the ancient city of Aleppo, known for its stunning architecture and vibrant souks. Explore the Citadel of Aleppo and immerse yourself in the city’s rich history.
- Experience the natural beauty of the Dead Sea. Take a swim in the salt-rich waters and enjoy the therapeutic benefits of the mineral-rich mud.
- Sample delicious Syrian cuisine. Try traditional dishes such as falafel, kebabs, and baklava.
These are just a few highlights of what Syria has to offer. The country’s rich history, stunning landscapes, and warm hospitality make it a truly unique destination for travelers.
Events in Syria
Syria is known for its vibrant cultural scene and hosts a number of events throughout the year. From music festivals to cultural celebrations, there is always something happening in Syria. The events vary from region to region and often take place during the summer months when the weather is warm and pleasant. Visitors can immerse themselves in the local culture by attending traditional music and dance performances, exploring art exhibitions, and participating in local festivals. Whether you’re interested in history, arts, or simply experiencing the local way of life, there is something for everyone in Syria.
Best time to visit Syria
The best time to visit Syria is during the spring and fall seasons when the weather is mild and comfortable. Spring, from March to May, brings blooming flowers and lush landscapes. Fall, from September to November, offers pleasant temperatures and fewer crowds. It’s also worth noting that the summer months can be quite hot, particularly in the inland areas. However, if you can handle the heat, you might find lower prices and fewer tourists during this time. It’s important to stay updated on the current situation in Syria and follow any travel advisories before planning your trip.
Is Syria worth visiting?
Syria is undeniably a country rich in history and culture, with many fascinating sites and attractions to explore. However, it’s important to consider the current political situation and security concerns before deciding to visit. The ongoing civil war has resulted in widespread destruction and displacement, and the safety of travelers cannot be guaranteed. It’s crucial to prioritize your personal safety and well-being above all else. While Syria has much to offer, it may be wise to consider alternative destinations with more stable conditions. Your safety should always be the top priority when planning a trip.