Saint Helena: a remote paradise in the South Atlantic
| Capital |
Jamestown |
| Time in Saint Helena |
GMT |
| Language spoken |
English |
| Population |
4,534 (Source: Saint Helena Government, 2021) |
| Religion |
Anglicanism (75%)
Baptism (15%)
Seventh-day Adventism (5%)
Roman Catholicism (3%)
Others (2%) |
| Currency |
Saint Helena pound (£, SHP) |
| Airports |
St Helena Airport |
Lost amidst the vast expanse of the South Atlantic Ocean, Saint Helena is a gem that has stood witness to numerous historical events and maritime explorations. This remote island, part of a three-island British Overseas Territory, is a sanctuary for travelers seeking a journey back in time, coupled with breathtaking natural beauty.
The history of Saint Helena is rich and storied. Discovered by the Portuguese in 1502, the island became an essential port of call for ships traveling to Europe from Asia and South America. The British later took control, transforming it into a crucial strategic outpost. But perhaps the island’s most famous moment in history was when it became the exile residence of Napoleon Bonaparte after his defeat at Waterloo in 1815. He spent his final years here, a period that has left an indelible mark on the island’s legacy.
From a tourist’s perspective, Saint Helena offers a unique blend of history and natural wonders. The rugged coastline gives way to green valleys and the formidable cliffs of Sandy Bay. Dive into the clear waters, and you might encounter whale sharks, while on land, endemic species like the St Helena plover await. The capital, Jamestown, offers a blend of Georgian architecture, a testament to the island’s colonial history.
Whether it’s following Napoleon’s footsteps, diving among shipwrecks, or merely soaking in the tranquility of a destination untouched by mass tourism, Saint Helena promises an experience unlike any other, a true journey into the annals of time.
Where is Saint Helena located?
Saint Helena is located in the South Atlantic Ocean, approximately halfway between South America and Africa, over 1,200 miles from the nearest major landmass.
What is Saint Helena famous for?
Saint Helena is best known as the island of exile for Napoleon Bonaparte, its rich maritime history, and its stunning landscapes and endemic wildlife.
History
1502 – Discovery by the Portuguese
Saint Helena, situated in the South Atlantic Ocean, was discovered in 1502 by the Portuguese explorer João da Nova. Despite its isolation, the island quickly became a crucial stopover for ships due to its fresh water sources. The Portuguese decided not to colonize it but instead used it as a replenishment point for their vessels traveling to and from the East Indies and Europe. They kept the island’s location a secret, using it as an advantage in the age of exploration.
17th Century – English and Dutch Interests
By the 17th century, the secret of Saint Helena’s location was out. The English East India Company took possession of the island in 1657, understanding its strategic significance. Just a year later, the Company fortified the island and settled it with English colonists. However, the Dutch, realizing the island’s importance, captured Saint Helena in 1673. Their control was short-lived, and the English quickly reclaimed it later the same year. The island was then further fortified to protect from future invasions.
19th Century – Napoleon’s Exile and Death
In the 19th century, Saint Helena gained prominence in world history when Napoleon Bonaparte was exiled there after his defeat at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815. The British chose the remote island to ensure the deposed emperor could not escape or be rescued. Napoleon lived on Saint Helena until his death in 1821. His remains were initially buried on the island, but later, in 1840, they were returned to France and entombed at Les Invalides in Paris.
After Napoleon’s death, the island returned to its role as a stopover for ships and remained under the control of the British East India Company until 1834. After this, it became a British Crown colony.
20th Century – Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
During the 20th century, Saint Helena’s importance waned as the opening of the Suez Canal reduced ship traffic around the Cape of Good Hope. However, during World War II, the island was used as a base for the British Royal Navy. In 1922, Ascension Island and Tristan da Cunha were incorporated, and the territory became known as Saint Helena and Dependencies. This arrangement lasted until 2009 when the territories were each given equal status, and the name was changed to Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha.
21st Century – Modern Developments
Throughout the 21st century, Saint Helena has faced various challenges, from economic concerns to questions about its political future. One significant development was the opening of Saint Helena Airport in 2017, providing the island with a much-needed connection to the outside world. Before this, the island could only be reached by a ship journey that took several days.
The establishment of the airport offers new opportunities for tourism, potentially transforming the island’s economy. As Saint Helena looks to the future, it remains a unique and vital chapter in the annals of world history, reflecting its role as both a strategic outpost and the site of Napoleon’s final exile.
Visit Saint Helena
What to see and do in Saint Helena
If you visit Saint Helena, you will be greeted by stunning natural beauty and a rich historical heritage. Here are some of the top attractions and activities on the island:
- Explore Jamestown, the capital of Saint Helena, with its charming colonial architecture and historic sites.
- Visit Longwood House, the residence of Napoleon Bonaparte during his exile, and learn about his life on the island.
- Go hiking or biking on various scenic trails that offer breathtaking views of the island’s rugged coastline and lush landscapes.
- Discover the unique flora and fauna of Saint Helena, including endemic plant species and rare bird species.
- Experience the island’s vibrant culture through its local festivals, music, and cuisine.
Events in Saint Helena
Saint Helena hosts several annual events that showcase the island’s culture and traditions. The most notable event is the Saint Helena Festival of Walking, which takes place in September. It offers visitors the opportunity to explore the island’s scenic trails and participate in guided hikes. The Saint Helena Carnival, held in February, is another popular event featuring colorful parades, music, and dancing. The Christmas festival, known as “Pampelmouss,” is celebrated in December with street markets, live performances, and festive decorations.
Best time to visit Saint Helena
The best time to visit Saint Helena is during the dry season, which occurs from November to April. The weather is pleasant and rainfall is minimal during this period, making it ideal for outdoor activities such as hiking and exploring the island’s natural beauty. However, it’s worth noting that the island’s weather can be unpredictable, and rain showers can occur throughout the year. It’s recommended to check the weather forecast before planning your visit.
Is Saint Helena worth visiting?
Saint Helena is definitely worth visiting for adventurous travelers seeking a unique and off-the-beaten-path destination. The island offers stunning landscapes, rich history, and a warm and welcoming local community. However, it’s important to note that Saint Helena is a remote and isolated island, which means that travel logistics can be challenging. The limited flight options and lengthy sea voyages can deter some tourists. Additionally, the island’s infrastructure and amenities are still developing. Despite these challenges, for those who are willing to make the journey, Saint Helena offers an unforgettable experience.
Common questions
What are the top attractions in Saint Helena?
Saint Helena offers a variety of unique attractions that cater to different interests. Some of the top attractions include: 1. Napoleon’s Tomb – Visit the final resting place of the famous French Emperor, Napoleon Bonaparte. 2. Longwood House – Explore the residence where Napoleon spent his last years in exile. 3. Diana’s Peak National Park – Experience the breathtaking beauty of Saint Helena’s highest peak and lush nature trails. 4. St. James’ Church – Admire the historic Anglican church that has been standing since 1774. 5. Jacob’s Ladder – Challenge yourself and climb the 699 steps of this famous historic staircase. 6. The Heart Shaped Waterfall – Be mesmerized by a stunning heart-shaped waterfall nestled within a secluded valley. These are just a few examples of the top attractions in Saint Helena. The island has much more to offer in terms of natural beauty, cultural heritage, and historical landmarks.
What are some popular outdoor activities in Saint Helena?
If you enjoy outdoor adventures, Saint Helena has a wealth of activities to offer. Some popular outdoor activities include: 1. Hiking and Nature Trails – Explore the numerous hiking trails across the island, including routes that lead to stunning viewpoints and secluded beaches. 2. Snorkeling and Scuba Diving – Discover the vibrant marine life and captivating coral reefs surrounding the island’s coast. 3. Fishing – Try your hand at fishing in the rich waters surrounding Saint Helena. You can even join a local fishing charter for an exciting experience. 4. Whale Watching – During the appropriate seasons, you can witness majestic whales passing through the waters of Saint Helena. 5. Swimming and Beach Relaxation – Enjoy the crystal-clear waters and golden sandy beaches that offer a perfect setting for relaxation. These activities are just a few examples of the outdoor adventures you can partake in during your visit to Saint Helena.
What is the local cuisine like in Saint Helena?
Saint Helena has a unique local cuisine that reflects its cultural heritage and natural resources. Some popular dishes to try include: 1. Fishcakes – Made with locally caught fish, these flavorful patties are a staple in Saint Helena’s cuisine. 2. Pumpkin Pudding – A traditional dessert made with pumpkin, raisins, spices, and served with a sweet syrup. 3. Plo – A hearty and filling dish made with stewed beef, onions, and potatoes. 4. Stuffed Lamb Neck – A savory dish where the lamb neck is stuffed with a mixture of herbs, breadcrumbs, and bacon. 5. Tungi – A spicy beef dish often served with rice, showcasing the island’s love for flavorful and hearty cuisine. These are just a few examples of the local dishes you can try while visiting Saint Helena. Regional produce, such as fresh fish, vegetables, and tropical fruits, also play a significant role in the island’s cuisine.
Are there any unique cultural traditions in Saint Helena?
Saint Helena has a rich cultural heritage that is celebrated through various traditions and events. Some unique cultural traditions include: 1. Wirebird Dance – The Wirebird Dance is a traditional folk dance that showcases the island’s unique bird species, the Saint Helena Wirebird. 2. Horse Racing – Horse racing events are held on the island, providing an opportunity to experience the excitement of this traditional sport. 3. Feast Day Celebrations – The island celebrates various feast days throughout the year, often accompanied by parades, music, and traditional dances. 4. Traditional Craftsmanship – Visit local artisans who practice traditional craftsmanship, such as weaving, pottery, and wood carving. 5. Saints’ Day – Each year, residents celebrate Saints’ Day, a feast day honoring the patron saints of the island. These are just a few examples of the unique cultural traditions that can be experienced in Saint Helena. Immerse yourself in the local culture to truly appreciate the island’s heritage.
What are the best times to visit Saint Helena?
The best times to visit Saint Helena are during the months of October to April, when the weather is generally warm and sunny. However, keep in mind that the island’s remote location in the South Atlantic Ocean means that weather conditions can be unpredictable. During this period, you can enjoy pleasant temperatures and take part in various outdoor activities. October to February is the summer season, with average daily temperatures ranging from 23°C (73°F) to 27°C (81°F). The months of March to April mark the transition to autumn, with slightly cooler temperatures. It’s important to note that flights to and from Saint Helena are subject to weather conditions, so it’s advisable to check for any travel advisories or flight updates before planning your trip. Overall, any time of the year can be a great time to visit Saint Helena, depending on your preferences and interests.
What is the currency used in Saint Helena?
The currency used in Saint Helena is the Saint Helena pound (SHP). The pound is divided into 100 pence. Saint Helena has its own banknotes and coins, which are used for everyday transactions on the island. It’s important to note that the Saint Helena pound is not widely accepted outside of the island. Therefore, it’s advisable to exchange your currency to the local currency upon arrival in Saint Helena. Major credit cards are accepted at some establishments, but it’s always a good idea to carry some cash, especially in smaller shops or local markets. Currency exchange services are available at the bank on the island, as well as at the airport for arriving and departing passengers.
What is the official language spoken in Saint Helena?
The official language spoken in Saint Helena is English. As a British Overseas Territory, English serves as the primary language of communication on the island. The local population also speaks a unique dialect known as Saint Helenian English, which has been influenced by the island’s history and cultural diversity. It may feature some distinct vocabulary and pronunciation. When traveling to Saint Helena, you will have no trouble communicating in English, as it is widely understood and spoken by the residents.
What is the local transportation like in Saint Helena?
Due to its remote location, transportation options in Saint Helena are limited. The island has one main road that connects the different regions, and public transportation is available in the form of buses. Taxis are also available for hire, providing a convenient way to explore the island at your own pace. It’s recommended to book a taxi in advance or inquire at your accommodation for assistance. For shorter distances, walking is a popular and enjoyable option, especially in the main town of Jamestown, where many attractions are within walking distance of each other. Additionally, some accommodations offer rental cars or bicycles, allowing visitors to explore the island independently. It’s important to note that there is currently no airport on Saint Helena. Travelers reach the island by sea via the RMS St Helena, a passenger ship that operates regular voyages from Cape Town, South Africa. Ensure to plan your transportation options in advance and consider the limited availability of certain services on the island.
What is the climate like in Saint Helena?
Saint Helena has a subtropical climate, characterized by mild temperatures and relatively high humidity. The island experiences warm summers and mild winters. Summer in Saint Helena, which falls between October and February, sees average temperatures ranging from 23°C (73°F) to 27°C (81°F). The warmest months are January and February. During the transitional seasons of spring (September to November) and autumn (March to May), temperatures range from 20°C (68°F) to 23°C (73°F). Winter in Saint Helena, from June to August, brings cooler temperatures with averages ranging from 17°C (63°F) to 20°C (68°F). It’s advisable to pack lightweight and breathable clothing, as well as sun protection, when visiting Saint Helena. The island can experience sudden changes in weather, so it’s always a good idea to carry an extra layer or rain gear.
Are there any visa requirements for visiting Saint Helena?
If you are a citizen of the United Kingdom, you do not need a visa to visit Saint Helena. British citizens can travel to the island and stay for an unlimited period. For citizens of other countries, visa requirements may vary. It is advisable to check with the relevant authorities or the nearest British embassy or consulate for up-to-date information on visa requirements for Saint Helena. It’s worth noting that traveling to Saint Helena typically involves a journey by sea on the RMS St Helena or a connecting flight from South Africa. It’s important to ensure you have the necessary travel documents and comply with any applicable entry requirements.
Is Saint Helena safe for tourists?
Saint Helena is generally considered a safe destination for tourists. The island has a low crime rate, and visitors can feel relatively safe during their stay. However, like any travel destination, it’s important to take common precautions to ensure your safety. Some tips include: 1. Stay in well-lit and populated areas, particularly at night. 2. Secure your belongings and avoid displaying valuable items in public. 3. Follow any local safety advice and guidelines provided by your accommodation or tour operators. 4. Be aware of your surroundings and trust your instincts. Remember to travel responsibly and respect the local customs and traditions. If you have any concerns or questions, don’t hesitate to seek assistance from the local authorities or contact your embassy or consulate.
What is the time zone in Saint Helena?
Saint Helena operates on Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) year-round. There is no daylight saving time observed on the island. It’s important to note the time difference when planning your travels and making arrangements, especially when coordinating with flights or other activities that require precise timing. If you are traveling from a different time zone, it’s advisable to adjust your schedule accordingly to minimize any potential jet lag or disruption.
What are some unique souvenirs to buy in Saint Helena?
When visiting Saint Helena, you can find a variety of unique souvenirs that showcase the island’s culture and natural resources. Some popular souvenirs include: 1. Wirebird Crafts – Handcrafted items featuring the iconic Saint Helena Wirebird, made from wire, wood, or fabrics. 2. St. Helena Coffee – Purchase locally grown and roasted coffee, which is known for its rich flavor and unique aroma. 3. Jamestown Gin – Experience a taste of the island with the locally produced Jamestown Gin, crafted using local botanicals. 4. Sea Salt – Saint Helena produces premium sea salt, harvested from the surrounding crystal-clear waters. 5. Local Artwork – Browse art galleries and local markets for paintings, prints, and other artwork created by talented Saint Helenian artists. These souvenirs serve as a reminder of your time on the island and make for meaningful gifts for friends and family back home.
