Mauritania

Mauritania offers a wealth of fascinating tourist attractions that showcase the country’s rich history and natural beauty. Here are some of the top attractions that you shouldn’t miss:

• The Banc d’Arguin National Park: This UNESCO World Heritage Site is a paradise for birdwatchers and nature enthusiasts, with a diverse ecosystem that includes migratory birds, sea turtles, and dolphins.
• Chinguetti: Known as the “City of Libraries,” Chinguetti is an ancient town in the Sahara Desert that features beautiful mosques and centuries-old Islamic manuscripts.
• Atar: This small town serves as the gateway to the Adrar Plateau, a rugged region dotted with stunning sand dunes, deep canyons, and ancient rock formations.
• Tichit: Another ancient trading town in Mauritania, Tichit boasts well-preserved mud-brick houses and is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
• Terjit Oasis: Located near Atar, this lush oasis offers a refreshing retreat with palm groves, natural pools, and cascading waterfalls.
• Port de Peche: This bustling fishing port in Nouakchott is a great place to experience the vibrant local culture and sample fresh seafood.
• Colonial architecture in Nouakchott: The capital city of Mauritania features charming colonial-era buildings that reflect the country’s French influences.
• Iron ore train: Take an unforgettable ride on the world’s longest train, which transports iron ore from the mines in Zouérat to the coast.
• Ouadane: Yet another historic town, Ouadane boasts an impressive collection of ancient ruins, including the UNESCO-listed Old Town.
• Lake Rkiz: Located in the Adrar Region, this picturesque lake is surrounded by beautiful sand dunes and provides a serene environment for relaxation.
• Camel trekking in the Sahara: Explore the vast Sahara Desert on a camel trekking tour, witnessing its stunning landscapes and experiencing the nomadic way of life.
• The Richat Structure: Also known as the “Eye of the Sahara,” this geological formation is a magnificent circular pattern visible from space.

Mauritania experiences a hot desert climate, so the best time to visit depends on your preferences and the activities you plan to engage in. The cooler months from November to February are generally considered the most pleasant time to visit, with temperatures ranging from 15°C to 25°C (59°F to 77°F). This is a great time for exploring the cities and cultural sites, as well as embarking on desert tours. If you prefer warmer weather, the months of March to May and September to October offer mild to hot temperatures, ranging from 25°C to 35°C (77°F to 95°F). These months are ideal for outdoor activities like trekking, camel riding, and camping in the desert. During the summer months from June to August, temperatures can soar above 40°C (104°F), making it extremely hot. This is a challenging time to visit, especially for outdoor activities, but it may be a good opportunity to experience the authentic desert environment if you can tolerate the heat. Ultimately, the best time to visit Mauritania depends on your personal preferences, but it’s generally recommended to avoid the hot summer months if possible.

Mauritanian cuisine is influenced by the country’s nomadic heritage and Bedouin traditions, as well as the flavors of North Africa and the Middle East. Here are some traditional dishes you should try when visiting Mauritania:

• Thieboudienne: Considered the national dish of Mauritania, Thieboudienne is a flavorful rice and fish stew made with vegetables, spices, and sometimes dried fish.
• Couscous: A staple in North African cuisine, couscous is also popular in Mauritania. It is typically served with a variety of vegetables, meats, and sauces.
• Moorish tea: This sweet, mint-infused green tea is a symbol of hospitality and is served in ornate tea glasses. It is an integral part of Mauritanian culture and social gatherings.
• Chakery: A delicious dessert made with millet, yogurt, and sugar, Chakery is often enjoyed during festive occasions and celebrations.
• Maafe: A hearty peanut and meat stew, Maafe is a comforting dish that is commonly served with rice or couscous.
• Techmirt: This traditional bread is made from millet flour and is a popular accompaniment to many Mauritanian dishes.

These are just a few examples of the traditional food in Mauritania. Exploring the local cuisine is an essential part of immersing yourself in the culture and flavors of the country, so be sure to try as many dishes as you can during your visit.

The official language of Mauritania is Arabic, reflecting the country’s historical ties to the Arab world. However, due to its diverse population and ethnic groups, several other languages are also spoken across Mauritania. These include:

• Hassaniya Arabic: This is the most widely spoken language in Mauritania and is primarily spoken by the Moors, who make up the majority of the population.
• Pulaar (Fulfulde): Pulaar is a Fulani language spoken mainly by the Fula people, who are predominantly found in the southern regions of Mauritania.
• Soninke: Soninke is spoken by the Soninke ethnic group, primarily in the southeast of the country.
• Wolof: Wolof is spoken by a significant number of people in the capital city, Nouakchott, and along the Senegal River Valley region.
• Mandinka (Mandingo): Mandinka is spoken by the Mandinka people, who mainly reside in the Brakna and Gorgol regions of Mauritania.
• French: While not as widely spoken as the local languages, French is used as a lingua franca in government, education, and business settings.

It’s always helpful to learn a few basic Arabic phrases or greetings when visiting Mauritania, but you’ll likely find that many people also speak French or English, particularly in urban areas and tourist establishments.

The official currency of Mauritania is the Mauritanian ouguiya (MRO). The currency is named after a historical unit of currency used in the region. The banknotes of the Mauritanian ouguiya come in various denominations, including 100, 200, 500, 1000, and 2000 MRO. It’s important to note that the Mauritanian ouguiya is a closed currency, which means it can only be obtained within the country and cannot be exchanged or traded outside of Mauritania. It is advisable to exchange your currency to Mauritanian ouguiya upon arrival. While some major hotels and tourist establishments may accept credit cards, cash is the most widely accepted payment method in Mauritania. It’s a good idea to carry smaller denomination notes for everyday expenses, as it can be challenging to find change for larger bills. Foreign currencies such as the US dollar and the euro are sometimes accepted in larger cities, but it’s best to have Mauritanian ouguiya for most transactions. ATMs can be found in major cities, but availability may be limited, so it’s advisable to carry enough cash with you for your needs.

Getting around Mauritania can be an adventure in itself, with various transportation options available for travelers:

• Taxis: Shared taxis are a common mode of transportation in cities like Nouakchott. These taxis follow specific routes and can be hailed from the roadside. Negotiate the fare before getting in.
• Car rental: Renting a car is a convenient option if you prefer more flexibility and independence. International and local car rental companies operate in larger cities like Nouakchott.
• Buses: Buses are available for intercity travel, but they can be crowded and uncomfortable. They are, however, a more affordable option for longer journeys.
• Private drivers: Hiring a private driver is a popular choice for tourists, especially if you plan to explore the desert or visit remote areas. This allows for a more personalized experience and the flexibility to stop at various attractions along the way.
• Camels: In desert regions, camel rides are an iconic and traditional mode of transportation. Opting for a camel trek can be a unique way to explore the desert and experience the nomadic lifestyle.
• Domestic flights: If you’re traveling long distances within Mauritania or want to visit more remote areas, domestic flights are available. Nouakchott has an international airport and serves as the main hub for domestic flights.

It’s important to note that road conditions in Mauritania can vary, especially outside of major cities. It’s advisable to have a good map, plenty of water, and be prepared for long drives with limited amenities along the way. It’s also recommended to travel with a reliable guide or driver, especially when venturing into desert areas.

Mauritania is a predominantly Muslim country, and it is important to respect the local customs and dress modestly when visiting. Here are some guidelines for the dress code in Mauritania:

• For women: It is recommended to dress modestly by covering your shoulders and legs. Loose-fitting, lightweight clothing made from breathable fabrics, such as cotton and linen, is ideal to cope with the hot weather. Consider wearing long skirts or dresses, and carry a scarf or shawl to cover your head when visiting mosques or religious sites.
• For men: While there are no strict dress code requirements for men, it is advisable to dress respectfully and appropriately. Light trousers or long shorts paired with short-sleeved shirts are generally acceptable.
• Footwear: Comfortable, closed-toe shoes are recommended, especially for outdoor activities and walking on uneven terrain. Sandals or flip-flops can be suitable in certain settings, but it’s important to ensure your footwear is appropriate for the occasion.

It’s worth noting that the dress code may be more relaxed in tourist areas or international hotels, but it’s still respectful to adhere to the local customs and traditions. By dressing modestly, you will also blend in more easily with the local population and have a more authentic cultural experience during your visit.

Mauritania is generally considered safe for tourists, but it’s important to take some precautions to ensure a smooth and secure trip:

• Consult travel advisories: Before your trip, check the latest travel advisories issued by your home country’s government or the embassy of Mauritania. Stay informed about the current situation in the country and any potential risks.
• Maintain awareness: Be aware of your surroundings, especially in crowded areas or unfamiliar locations. Keep an eye on your belongings and avoid displaying signs of wealth.
• Travel in groups: When exploring remote areas or engaging in desert activities, it’s advisable to travel with a guide or in a group. This can enhance safety and provide local knowledge and support.
• Respect local customs: Mauritania is a conservative country with strong Islamic traditions. Respect the local customs, dress modestly, and be aware of cultural sensitivities.
• Health and hygiene: Ensure you have up-to-date vaccinations before traveling to Mauritania. It’s also important to maintain good hygiene practices, such as washing your hands regularly and drinking bottled water.
• Money and valuables: Take precautions with your money, passport, and other valuables. Use hotel safes when available and carry your belongings in a secure manner, such as by using a money belt or a concealed pouch.
• Road safety: If you plan to drive in Mauritania, be cautious on the roads, as driving standards may differ from what you’re accustomed to. Be aware of the road conditions, obey traffic rules, and avoid driving at night when visibility may be poor.

By following these safety precautions and using common sense, you can have a safe and enjoyable trip in Mauritania.

In Mauritania, the standard voltage is 220-240 volts, and the frequency is 50 hertz. The power plugs and sockets used in Mauritania are of type C and E. Type C plugs have two round pins and are commonly used throughout Europe, while type E plugs have two round pins and a hole for an earthing pin. If your appliances use a different type of plug, you will need a travel adapter to convert the plug to fit the Mauritanian sockets. It’s recommended to bring a universal travel adapter to ensure compatibility with different plug types. It’s also worth noting that power outages and fluctuations can occur in some areas, particularly in rural or remote regions. Having a portable power bank or backup batteries for your electronic devices can be helpful to ensure you stay connected even during power interruptions. Remember to check the voltage requirements of your electronic devices and chargers before plugging them into Mauritanian sockets to avoid damaging your appliances.

To enter Mauritania, most visitors need a valid passport with at least six months of validity remaining. Some travelers may also require a visa, depending on their nationality. It’s important to check the specific visa requirements for your country before traveling. You may need to obtain a visa in advance or upon arrival at the airport. For some nationalities, a pre-arranged invitation or sponsor letter may be required to obtain a visa. It’s recommended to contact the Embassy of Mauritania or check with a reliable travel agency for the most up-to-date visa information. It’s also essential to have proof of onward travel, such as a return ticket, and provide necessary information regarding your accommodation during your stay in Mauritania. It’s advisable to check for any additional entry requirements, such as health or vaccination certificates, as well as travel advisories or updates before your trip to ensure a smooth and hassle-free entry into Mauritania.

Mauritania is in the Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) zone all year round. It does not observe daylight saving time, so the country remains on GMT throughout the year. You should adjust your watches and devices accordingly when traveling to Mauritania. The time difference may vary depending on your home country’s time zone and any daylight saving time changes in effect. Maintaining an accurate understanding of the local time can help you plan your activities and manage your schedule effectively during your visit to Mauritania.

Mauritania has a hot desert climate, characterized by high temperatures and low rainfall. The country experiences two distinct seasons: a hot, dry season and a slightly cooler, rainy season. Here’s an overview of the climate in Mauritania:

• Hot, dry season (October to May): During this period, temperatures can reach highs of 40°C (104°F) or more, particularly in the desert regions. The weather is generally dry, with minimal rainfall and clear skies.
• Rainy season (June to September): The rainy season is characterized by brief but intense rain showers and thunderstorms. Temperatures are relatively cooler, ranging from 25°C to 35°C (77°F to 95°F), although humidity levels may be higher.

It’s important to note that Mauritania is one of the driest countries in the world, with limited rainfall throughout the year. Precipitation is highest in the southern regions, closer to the Senegal River and the border with Mali. The desert regions of Mauritania experience significant temperature fluctuations between day and night, with cooler temperatures in the evenings. It’s advisable to pack lightweight, breathable clothing, sunglasses, a hat, and sunscreen to protect yourself from the intense desert sun. Be prepared for the dry and hot conditions by staying hydrated and taking necessary precautions to avoid sunburn and heat-related illnesses. It’s also essential to plan outdoor activities during cooler times of the day and seek shaded areas when possible.

To make international calls to Mauritania, you will need to use the country’s international dialing code, which is +222. When dialing a Mauritanian phone number from abroad, you should dial your country’s international access code followed by Mauritania’s country code (+222) and then the local phone number. It’s important to note that charges may apply when dialing an international number from your phone or landline, so it’s advisable to check with your service provider for rates and any applicable international calling plans or packages. If you are making local calls within Mauritania, you can simply dial the local phone number without including the country code.