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Lesotho

Visiting Lesotho offers a unique experience with its stunning natural beauty, rich cultural heritage, and warm hospitality. Discover a hidden gem in Africa!

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We suggest to plan a 4 days trip to Lesotho

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Enveloped by South Africa, Lesotho, the “Kingdom in the Sky”, dazzles with its high-altitude allure and unique cultural tapestry. This enclave in southern Africa serves as a sanctuary for those seeking rugged beauty, boasting the Drakensberg and Maloti mountain ranges. Beyond its topographical wonders, visitors can immerse themselves in age-old Basotho traditions, taste locally brewed beer, and witness the graceful Seshoeshoe fabric dance in the wind. Whether exploring by horseback, hiking its scenic trails, or discovering rock art sites, Lesotho promises an enriching experience away from the beaten path.

Engage in a pony trek for an intimate view of Lesotho’s landscape and traditional village life.

Travel during the months of October to April for milder weather and vibrant cultural festivals.

How to best experience Lesotho?

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Top cities to visit in Lesotho

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Lesotho: the mountain kingdom in the sky

Capital Maseru
Time in Lesotho GMT+2
Language spoken Sesotho
Population 2.1 million (source: World Bank, 2021)
Religion Christianity (95%)
Traditional and other beliefs (5%)
Currency Lesotho loti (L, LSL)
Airports Moshoeshoe I International Airport

Lesotho, often referred to as the “Kingdom in the Sky”, is a realm of dramatic landscapes and rich cultural heritage. Entirely landlocked by South Africa, this unique nation is the only one in the world to be entirely elevated above 1,000 meters. Its topography, dominated by the majestic Drakensberg and Maloti mountain ranges, has shaped its history, culture, and even its economy.

Historically, Lesotho’s rugged terrain provided refuge for its people during times of regional conflict. Founded in the early 19th century by King Moshoeshoe I, it managed to maintain its sovereignty in the face of colonial expansion. The Basotho, the indigenous people of Lesotho, have preserved their customs, traditions, and ways of life against the backdrop of these imposing mountains. Their vibrant oral history, music, and traditional dances are a testament to their resilient spirit.

For the adventurous tourist, Lesotho offers unparalleled opportunities. Whether it’s horseback riding across its grassy plains, trekking along the rugged mountain trails, or even skiing during winter in Africa’s highest ski resort, there’s an array of activities to indulge in. Beyond the adventures, the warmth of the Basotho people ensures every visitor experiences genuine hospitality.

Where is Lesotho located?

Lesotho is a landlocked country located in Southern Africa, completely surrounded by South Africa. It stands out due to its high-altitude terrain.

What is Lesotho famous for?

Lesotho is renowned for its breathtaking mountain landscapes, particularly the Drakensberg and Maloti ranges, its unique status as the world’s only country entirely above 1,000 meters, and its rich Basotho cultural heritage.

History

Prehistory – 1600s: Early Inhabitants

The area now known as Lesotho was originally inhabited by the San people, often referred to as the Bushmen. Evidence of their early existence is found in the form of rock art scattered throughout the mountainous region. Over time, Bantu-speaking tribes migrated to the area, bringing with them agricultural practices and displacing or integrating with the San communities.

1820s: Emergence of the Basotho Nation

During a turbulent period marked by wars of expansion among African communities, King Moshoeshoe I emerged as a uniting figure in the early 1820s. He consolidated various clans into a singular Basotho nation and strategically established his stronghold on the plateau of Thaba Bosiu, which served as a natural fortress against invading forces. Through astute diplomacy and strategic alliances, Moshoeshoe managed to fend off external threats and expand his territory.

1830s – 1868: Conflict and British Protection

The arrival of European settlers and the Boers in the 1830s led to territorial disputes and conflicts. In particular, the Free State–Basotho Wars resulted in considerable changes in the territory under Basotho control. Facing threats from the Boer-occupied Orange Free State, King Moshoeshoe sought British protection, leading to the British annexation of Basutoland in 1868.

1869 – 1966: British Colonial Rule

Under British colonial rule, Lesotho, known as Basutoland, was first governed as part of the Cape Colony. However, following resistance to British rule and policies from the Basotho people, it became a direct protectorate of Britain in 1884. Throughout colonial rule, the Basotho retained a significant degree of internal self-governance and maintained their cultural traditions and structures. The push for independence began to gain momentum post-World War II, in line with broader global decolonization trends.

1966: Independence

On October 4, 1966, Basutoland regained its sovereignty from Britain and was renamed the Kingdom of Lesotho. King Moshoeshoe II, the direct descendant of the founder King Moshoeshoe I, was placed on the throne. The country adopted a new constitution and began the journey of navigating its political, economic, and social course as an independent nation.

1970s – 1990s: Political Turmoil

Lesotho’s post-independence period was marked by political instability, including coups, political repression, and conflict between the monarchy and the government. This era saw the suspension of the constitution multiple times, military interventions, and the exile of King Moshoeshoe II. The latter part of the 1990s saw efforts at restoring democracy and stability.

2000 – Present: Modern Era

In the 21st century, Lesotho has made strides in consolidating its democracy, despite facing challenges such as political infighting and corruption. The nation has also grappled with significant health challenges, particularly the HIV/AIDS epidemic. However, international partnerships and national initiatives have been set up to combat this crisis. Today, Lesotho continues to work towards sustainable development, emphasizing sectors like agriculture, water management, and textile exports, while preserving its rich cultural heritage and breathtaking landscapes.

Visit Lesotho

What to see and do in Lesotho

Lesotho offers a range of unique experiences for visitors:

  • Explore the awe-inspiring Drakensberg Mountains, which offer breathtaking landscapes and opportunities for hiking, trekking, and wildlife spotting.
  • Visit the historic Thaba-Bosiu plateau, the traditional birthplace of the Basotho nation, and learn about the rich cultural heritage of Lesotho.
  • Experience traditional Basotho culture by visiting a local village, where you can interact with the friendly locals, learn about their customs, and enjoy traditional music and dance performances.
  • Embark on a pony trekking adventure, a popular activity in Lesotho. Ride through the stunning highlands on the back of a sturdy Basotho pony and immerse yourself in the natural beauty of the country.
  • Witness the breathtaking Maletsunyane Falls, one of the highest single-drop waterfalls in Africa. You can take a guided hike to the falls and marvel at the cascading waters.

Upcoming events in Lesotho

Lesotho hosts various events throughout the year, showcasing the country’s culture, arts, and traditions. Some notable events include:

  • The Morija Arts and Cultural Festival, held in September, celebrates Lesotho’s rich cultural heritage through music, dance, art exhibitions, and traditional food.
  • The Basotho Hat Festival, held in November, highlights the intricate and colorful traditional hats worn by Basotho women. The festival features a hat parade, traditional music and dance performances, and a fashion show.
  • The Maletsunyane Braai Festival, held in December, is a culinary celebration of Basotho cuisine. Visitors can sample traditional dishes, enjoy live music performances, and participate in cooking competitions.

These events offer a unique opportunity to engage with the local community and experience the vibrant culture of Lesotho.

Best time to visit Lesotho

The best time to visit Lesotho is during the spring and summer months, from September to April. During this time, the weather is mild and pleasant, making it ideal for outdoor activities such as hiking, pony trekking, and exploring the natural beauty of the country. It is also the time when many cultural festivals and events take place in Lesotho, providing a rich cultural experience for visitors.

Is Lesotho worth visiting?

Yes, Lesotho is definitely worth visiting for those seeking a unique and off-the-beaten-path travel experience. The country offers stunning natural landscapes, rich cultural heritage, and warm hospitality from the Basotho people. Lesotho’s mountains, waterfalls, and highland plains provide endless opportunities for outdoor adventure and exploration.

However, it is important to note that Lesotho is a developing country with limited infrastructure and some areas of poverty. Travelers should be prepared for basic accommodations and be respectful of the local customs and traditions. Despite these challenges, the beauty and authenticity of Lesotho make it a rewarding destination for those seeking a truly immersive cultural and outdoor experience.

Common questions

What are the top tourist attractions in Lesotho?

Lesotho offers a variety of breathtaking tourist attractions. Some of the top attractions include the Maletsunyane Falls, a stunning waterfall that plunges 192 meters into a gorge, the Ts’ehlanyane National Park, known for its beautiful mountain scenery and rare flora and fauna, and Thaba-Bosiu, a significant historical site where the Basotho nation was established in the 19th century.

What is the best time to visit Lesotho?

The best time to visit Lesotho is during the dry winter months from May to September. This is when the weather is typically sunny and mild, making it perfect for exploring the outdoors. The summer months from November to February can be hot and humid, with occasional thunderstorms. However, if you enjoy lush green landscapes and don’t mind some rain, the summer can still be a great time to visit.

What activities can I do in Lesotho?

In Lesotho, you can enjoy a wide range of activities. Some popular options include hiking in the beautiful Maloti Mountains, horse riding through the stunning landscapes, visiting traditional Basotho villages to learn about the local culture, and exploring the stunning rock formations in the Sehlabathebe National Park. You can also try your hand at fly fishing in the clear mountain streams or take part in adventure sports such as abseiling and rock climbing.

What is the traditional food in Lesotho?

The traditional food in Lesotho is heavily influenced by the Basotho culture. One of the most popular dishes is called ‘papa,’ which is a stiff porridge made from maize meal. It is often served with meat, vegetables, and a variety of sauces. Another traditional dish is ‘moroko,’ which is a leafy green vegetable similar to spinach. ‘Sechu’ is another favorite, which consists of an overnight fermented maize meal, similar to cornbread. Don’t forget to try ‘smileys,’ which are grilled sheep heads considered a delicacy by the Basotho people.

What animals can I see in Lesotho?

While Lesotho is not known for its abundance of wildlife, you can still encounter various species in its national parks. Some of the animals you may spot include the mountain reedbuck, eland, baboons, and rare bird species like the bearded vulture and blue crane. Sehlabathebe National Park and the Ts’ehlanyane National Park are particularly good places for observing the local fauna.

Are there any cultural festivals in Lesotho?

Yes, Lesotho celebrates several cultural festivals throughout the year. One of the most significant festivals is the Basotho Hat Festival, held annually in December. This festival celebrates the traditional Basotho hat and showcases the culture, music, and dance of the Basotho people. The Maletsunyane Braai Festival is another popular event where locals and visitors come together to enjoy a traditional South African barbecue, known as a ‘braai,’ alongside live music and entertainment.

What is the traditional attire in Lesotho?

The traditional attire in Lesotho is known for its vibrant colors and unique designs. Both men and women often wear a traditional blanket called a ‘Sesiu’ or ‘Mohair.’ The blankets are intricately woven, with each design representing different aspects of Basotho culture and heritage. The blankets are worn as capes and often serve as a symbol of pride and identity for the Basotho people.

Can I climb the Maletsunyane Falls?

While it is not possible to climb the Maletsunyane Falls directly, you can experience the falls in a thrilling way. The Semonkong Lodge offers an adrenaline-pumping activity called ‘Maletsunyane Falls Abseil.’ With the assistance of experienced guides, you can rappel down the cliff face next to the falls, getting stunning views and an exhilarating experience. It is a must-try adventure activity for thrill-seekers visiting Lesotho.

Are there any skiing opportunities in Lesotho?

Yes, Lesotho offers skiing opportunities during the winter season. AfriSki Mountain Resort, located in the Maluti Mountains, is the premier ski resort in Lesotho. It offers slopes suitable for beginners and experienced skiers alike. The resort provides rental equipment and ski lessons for those who want to try skiing for the first time. Skiing in Lesotho is a unique experience, allowing you to enjoy winter sports against the backdrop of stunning mountain scenery.

What is the currency used in Lesotho?

The currency used in Lesotho is the Lesotho loti (plural: maloti), denoted by the symbol L or M. The South African rand (ZAR) is also widely accepted as legal tender in Lesotho. It is important to note that the Lesotho loti has the same value as the South African rand, and both currencies can be used interchangeably.

What languages are spoken in Lesotho?

The official languages of Lesotho are Sesotho and English. Sesotho is the language spoken by the majority of the population and is widely used for everyday communication. English is also commonly spoken, especially in urban areas, government offices, and the tourism industry. It is always helpful to have some basic knowledge of English or Sesotho phrases when visiting Lesotho.

What is the climate like in Lesotho?

Lesotho has a cool temperate climate due to its high altitude. Summers (November to February) are generally warm and occasionally hot, with temperatures ranging from 20°C to 30°C (68°F to 86°F). Winters (May to September) are cold, with temperatures often dropping below freezing, especially in the mountains. Be prepared for cooler temperatures, especially if you plan to explore the higher elevations of Lesotho.

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