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Amman, the capital of Jordan, is a fascinating blend of ancient history and modernity. This city boasts a unique array of historical sites, including the majestic Roman Theatre, the ancient Citadel, and the contemporary arts scene at Darat al Funun. Visitors are treated to a panorama of experiences, from exploring archaeological wonders that echo tales of antiquity to indulging in the vibrant culinary delights, representing both traditional and modern Jordanian culture. Amman serves not only as a gateway to the country’s rich heritage but also as a thriving cosmopolitan hub that reflects the dynamic spirit of the Middle East.
When visiting Amman, be sure to explore the old markets of Downtown for authentic Jordanian handicrafts and spices. It’s a delightful experience that reveals the city’s vibrant local life.
Plan to spend an evening in one of Amman’s modern rooftop restaurants. It offers not only exquisite meals but also panoramic city views under the stars — a perfect blend of cuisine and scenery.
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Amman: The Cultural Beacon of the Middle East
| Country | Jordan |
| Time in Amman | GMT+2 |
| Language spoken | Arabic |
| Population | 4,007,526 (Source: World Population Review) |
| Currency | Jordanian Dinar (JOD) |
| Airports | Queen Alia International Airport (20 mi / 32 km). |
Amman, the capital of Jordan, is a city rich with history and modernity, balancing vibrant cultural traditions and contemporary life. Its history spans several millennia, with evidence of human settlement as early as the Neolithic age. Today, Amman is a bustling metropolis, playing a crucial role in Jordan’s economy, political narrative, and cultural expressions.
The city is strategically positioned on a series of seven hills, which not only adds to its scenic beauty but also to its historical depth. Throughout its history, Amman has seen multiple phases of growth and decline, reshaped by various ruling empires from the Romans to the Ottomans. It flourished particularly during the Hellenistic period, evident from the ancient ruins that still adorn the city.
In contemporary times, Amman reemerged as a significant cultural hub in the Middle East. It boasts a mix of ancient structures such as the iconic Roman Theater, the historic Citadel, and modern attractions like upscale shopping centers and international cuisine restaurants. This mix of old and new exemplifies the adaptative nature of the city and its people.
Amman’s cultural contributions are also noteworthy. The city is home to numerous museums, artistic forums, and cultural festivals that showcase the region’s art and heritage. Additionally, it serves as a haven for expatriates and refugees, creating a melting pot of cultures and experiences that add to the city’s diverse character.
The city’s economic landscape is equally dynamic. It is considered a business hub in the region, with numerous corporations, banks, and industries headquartered here. As a result, Amman attracts professionals and investors from across the globe, adding to its cosmopolitan makeup.
Despite its rapid modernization, Amman’s soul remains in its people—warm, hospitable, and proud of their rich heritage. Walking through its bustling souks, one can hear the melodious calls to prayer echoing across the city, amidst the chatter of everyday life—a reminder of the traditional spirit that still guides this modern city.
Where is Amman?
Amman is nestled in a hilly area of north-central Jordan, providing it both strategic importance and mesmerizing beauty throughout the ages.
Distances:
| Route | Distance by car | Time by car |
|---|---|---|
| Amman to Zarqa | 28 km | 40 minutes |
| Amman to Madaba | 33 km | 45 minutes |
| Amman to Irbid | 88 km | 1 hour 20 minutes |
What is Amman famous for?
Amman is renowned for its ancient ruins, including the Roman Amphitheater, and its vibrant cultural scene, illustrating a harmonious blend of old and new.
History
Neolithic Period
Amman’s history begins with its earliest known settlement during the Neolithic period, around 6500 BC, when it was known as ‘Ain Ghazal. Artifacts from this period suggest a highly organized community known for its large statues made from plaster and reeds, which are among the oldest human statues ever found.
Iron Age – 1200 BC to 332 BC
The city, originally known as Rabbath Ammon, became the capital of the Ammonite Kingdom around 1200 BC. The Ammonites were mentioned in the Bible and other ancient texts, and their influence peaked during this period, leaving behind a wealth of artifacts and inscriptions.
Hellenistic and Roman Periods – 332 BC to AD 324
Following its conquest by Alexander the Great, the city was renamed Philadelphia, a name it retained throughout the Hellenistic and Roman periods. As a city on the ancient caravan routes, it thrived economically and culturally, which is evident from the remains of Roman theaters, citadels, and columns.
Islamic and Ottoman Era – AD 661 to AD 1918
With the spread of Islam, Amman became part of the Islamic Empire. It was a minor city until the arrival of the Ottomans, who built a railway station in Amman as part of the Hejaz Railway, linking Damascus to Medina, which revitalized the city.
Modern Era – 20th Century to Present
In the 20th century, Amman was declared the capital of Transjordan, which later became Jordan. Under King Abdullah I, the city expanded rapidly. Today, Amman is a modern city that has preserved its rich history while developing into a vibrant, contemporary capital.
Visit Amman
What to see and do in Amman, Jordan
Explore the historical and cultural wealth of Amman, Jordan. Visit the ancient citadel, which offers panoramic views of the sprawling city and houses significant structures like the Umayyad Palace. Walk through the Roman Theatre, a 6,000-seat, 2nd-century stone amphitheater. Don’t miss the Jordan Museum, home to cultural artifacts including the Dead Sea Scrolls. Explore the vibrant culinary scene in Rainbow Street and the traditional markets in the downtown area.
- Amman Citadel
- Roman Theatre
- Jordan Museum
- Rainbow Street
- Downtown Souqs
Cultural Festivals and Events in Amman
Amman hosts various cultural festivals and events throughout the year, including the Amman Summer Festival, which showcases music, dance, and theater performances. The Jordan Food Week, held annually, is a celebration of local and international cuisines.
Best time to visit Amman
The best times to visit Amman are during the spring (March to May) and autumn (September to November) when the weather is pleasantly mild.
Is Amman worth visiting?
Amman is certainly worth visiting. It offers a unique blend of ancient history and modern culture, evidenced by its archaeological sites and vibrant contemporary arts scene. Additionally, its culinary offerings provide a deep dive into the flavors of Middle Eastern cuisine. Amman serves not only as a historical archive but as a lively city with warm hospitality, making it a compelling destination for any traveler.