Valenciennes, France

Valenciennes, often revered as the “Athens of the North,” is a gem in France’s Hauts-de-France region, notable for its rich artistic heritage and vibrant cultural scene. This picturesque city, with its impressive array of museums, such as the Musée des Beaux-Arts, and historical sites like the Basilique Saint-Cordon, offers a profound glimpse into French art and history. The carefully preserved architecture and the scenic parks provide a tranquil yet enriching experience for travelers seeking both relaxation and intellectual stimulation.

Explore Valenciennes’ vibrant market on Place d’Armes, held on Tuesday and Saturday mornings, to experience local flavors and artisan crafts.

Don’t miss a performance at Le Phénix, the national scene of Valenciennes, which features a diverse range of arts from drama to dance shows.

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Valenciennes: Gateway to Northern France

Country
France

Time in Valenciennes
GMT+1

Language spoken
French

Population
43,787 (INSEE, 2021)

Currency
Euro (€, EUR)

Airports

Lille Airport (24 mi / 38.6 km)
Brussels South Charleroi Airport (59 mi / 95 km)

Valenciennes, a historic city in the Hauts-de-France region, boasts a rich cultural heritage and a strategic location near the Belgian border. Known for its art, history, and educational institutions, Valenciennes has played a pivotal role throughout French history from medieval times through the industrial revolution and into the modern era.

Where is Valenciennes?

Located in northern France, Valenciennes is part of the Nord department. It is situated near the Scheldt river, enhancing its scenic charm and historical significance.

Distances:

Route	Distance by car	Time by car
Paris to Valenciennes	130 miles / 210 km	2 hours 10 mins
Lille to Valenciennes	35 miles / 56 km	40 mins
Brussels to Valenciennes	74 miles / 119 km	1 hour 10 mins

What is Valenciennes famous for?

Valenciennes is distinguished for its artistic legacy, notably the Valenciennes School of Painting which influenced art in France and Belgium from the 15th century forward. It’s also known for its historic buildings and lively cultural scene.

History

Prehistory to Roman Era

The area around Valenciennes, currently known in northern France, shows traces of human activity dating back to prehistoric times. Archaeological finds suggest the presence of early human settlements, indicating a rich and diverse historical tapestry. With the Roman conquest, the region saw significant development, becoming part of the vast Roman Empire. Roman influence brought advancements and a period of prosperity evidenced by the remains of Roman roads and structures.

Medieval Period (5th Century – 15th Century)

Valenciennes began to emerge more distinctly during the medieval period as a small yet strategic town. By the 11th century, it had become an important center due to its position on the trade routes between Flanders and the Hainaut province. Its fortifications were constantly expanded and improved. In 1215, Valenciennes received its town charter, which spurred development and marked its rise as an influential medieval town. This period was characterized by the flourishing of arts and the establishment of several religious institutions.

Early Modern Period (16th Century – 18th Century)

The 16th and 17th centuries were challenging due to various conflicts such as the Eighty Years’ War, which impacted Valenciennes significantly. The town was contested by various European powers, including the Habsburgs and the French. In 1677, Valenciennes was incorporated into France under Louis XIV. The French period initiated industrial growth and increased urban development, leaving a lasting imprint on the city’s architectural and cultural landscape.

Industrial Revolution to Present Day

The 19th century saw Valenciennes transform into an industrial hub, particularly known for its coal mining and metallurgy industries. This era shaped much of the modern cityscape and significantly influenced the local economy. Post World War II, like many European cities, Valenciennes underwent a period of reconstruction and modernization. Today, it’s recognized for its rich cultural heritage, fine arts, and as an educational center, with a focus on integrating its historical legacy with modernity.

Visit Valenciennes

What to see and do in Valenciennes

Valenciennes offers a variety of attractions and activities for visitors. Key highlights include the Musee des Beaux-Arts, which houses an impressive collection of paintings and sculptures. The town’s historical core, with its charming medieval architecture, invites leisurely walks. For a taste of local life, explore the vibrant market places and the scenic public park, Parc de la Rhônelle.

Musee des Beaux-Arts
Historic town center
Parc de la Rhônelle
Saint-Cordon Festival
Local artisan markets

Festivals and Events in Valenciennes

Valenciennes hosts a range of cultural and traditional events throughout the year. One of the most significant is the Saint-Cordon Festival, held annually in September, which celebrates the local legend with a grand procession and various festive activities. Other notable events include the Valenciennes Film Festival and numerous art exhibitions, enriching the city’s vibrant cultural scene.

Best time to visit Valenciennes

The best time to visit Valenciennes is during the spring (April to June) and early autumn (September to October). These periods offer mild weather, ideal for exploring outdoor attractions and participating in local events such as the Saint-Cordon Festival.

Is Valenciennes worth visiting?

Valenciennes is certainly worth a visit, particularly for those interested in art and history. The city’s Musee des Beaux-Arts is a cultural gem, and the historical center offers a glimpse into the rich past of the region. While the city is smaller and less bustling compared to major French tourist destinations, its charm lies in its tranquil atmosphere and the friendly locals. However, visitors looking for a vibrant nightlife or extensive shopping opportunities might find it less appealing. Overall, Valenciennes is an excellent destination for a leisurely cultural escape.

What are some must-see museums in Valenciennes?

Valenciennes, often referred to as the “Athens of the North,” hosts several impressive museums that art and history enthusiasts should not miss. The Musée des Beaux-Arts is particularly notable, showcasing works from notable artists like Rubens and Carpeaux and features an extensive collection of Flemish and Dutch paintings. Additionally, the museum houses numerous sculptures and drawings by local artist Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux. History buffs will enjoy Le Musée du Hainaut which offers insights into the area’s rich historical tapestry through various artifacts and exhibits. These institutions highlight the region’s artistic and historical wealth, making them a top pick for anyone visiting Valenciennes.

What are popular local dishes to try in Valenciennes?

In Valenciennes, culinary visitors have the opportunity to indulge in distinctive and flavorful local cuisine that mirrors the region’s cultural heritage. A must-try is the “Lucullus de Valenciennes,” consisting of layers of smoked ox tongue and foie gras, celebrated for its unique taste and texture. Another regional specialty is the “Flamiche aux maroilles,” a savory pie made with maroilles cheese, known for its creamy texture and robust flavor. Both dishes offer a delightful experience of Northern France’s culinary traditions and are widely available in local restaurants throughout Valenciennes.

What parks and natural attractions can be found in Valenciennes?

Valenciennes is home to several beautiful parks and green spaces, making it a great destination for nature lovers and those seeking a leisurely day outdoors. The Parc de la Rhonelle is especially popular, featuring manicured gardens, peaceful walking paths, and sports facilities. Another notable spot is Parc Dampierre, right in the heart of the city, which offers a tranquil escape with its large pond, play areas, and shaded picnic spots. For a more rugged natural experience, the nearby Avesnois Regional Natural Park provides a lush landscape of forests and rolling hills, perfect for hiking and bird-watching.

Are there any architectural landmarks in Valenciennes that I should visit?

Yes, Valenciennes is rich in architectural landmarks that are a testament to the city’s historical and cultural significance. The Place d’Armes, located at the city’s heart, is surrounded by impressive buildings like the Town Hall which showcases neo-Renaissance style. Another landmark is the Basilique Notre-Dame du Saint-Cordon, which features stunning Gothic architecture. Additionally, the remnants of the Spanish Maison carved wood façades offer glimpses into the city’s past under Spanish rule. These landmarks provide a wonderful opportunity to delve into the architectural beauty and history of Valenciennes.

Can you recommend some cultural activities to engage in while in Valenciennes?

Valenciennes offers a variety of cultural activities that cater to diverse interests. For theater enthusiasts, a visit to Le Théâtre d’Anzin provides a range of performances from classic plays to contemporary productions. Art lovers can enjoy frequent art exhibitions at the Musée des Beaux-Arts, which highlight both classical and modern works. Additionally, the Festival de l’Epau, though primarily located in nearby Le Mans, features extensions into Valenciennes, offering concerts and cultural performances that showcase both national and international talent. These activities highlight the rich cultural fabric of Valenciennes and provide enriching experiences for visitors.

What are the options for nightlife and entertainment in Valenciennes?

Nightlife in Valenciennes offers a variety of options catering to different tastes. For those interested in a lively evening, Le Chat Noir is a popular bar that frequently hosts live music performances, ranging from jazz to modern pop. For a more relaxed night out, numerous cafes and bistros around the Place d’Armes offer the perfect atmosphere for enjoying a drink and watching the world go by. During the summer months, the city often organizes night markets and outdoor movie screenings, providing both locals and tourists with a unique and enjoyable evening experience.

What are the popular shopping destinations in Valenciennes?

For those looking to indulge in shopping, Valenciennes offers several options. The Centre Place d’Armes is a central shopping hub with a variety of stores offering both international brands and local goods. For more boutique shopping, Rue de la Monnaie features unique shops that offer everything from contemporary fashions to traditional French products. Additionally, the local market held in Place d’Armes several days a week enables shoppers to browse a selection of local produce, artisan goods, and other regional specialties. These shopping destinations provide a comprehensive look at the commercial diversity of Valenciennes.

How can I learn about the history of Valenciennes during my visit?

To deeply understand the rich history of Valenciennes, visitors can explore several historical sites and resources. The Town Hall features exhibitions that delve into the city’s past, including its development and significant events. For a more guided experience, local historical tours are available, often led by knowledgeable guides who can provide detailed insights into historical landmarks and events. Additionally, the Musée des Beaux-Arts not only showcases art but also features artifacts and exhibits that trace the cultural and social history of the region. These resources offer visitors multiple ways to connect with the historical narrative of Valenciennes.

Country	France
Time in Valenciennes	GMT+1
Language spoken	French
Population	43,787 (INSEE, 2021)
Currency	Euro (€, EUR)
Airports	Lille Airport (24 mi / 38.6 km) Brussels South Charleroi Airport (59 mi / 95 km)