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Eswatini, formerly known as Swaziland, is a small landlocked country located in Southern Africa. With its breathtaking landscapes, diverse wildlife, and vibrant cultural heritage, Eswatini offers a compelling destination for travelers seeking an authentic African experience. Experience the thrill of spotting the “Big Five” in the country’s national parks, immerse yourself in the rich Swazi culture by attending traditional events and festivals, or explore the stunning hiking trails that crisscross the country’s picturesque mountains and valleys.
Eswatini is home to some of the most scenic hiking trails in Africa, offering breathtaking views of mountains, waterfalls, and wildlife. Don’t forget to pack your hiking gear!
When visiting Eswatini, make sure to explore the vibrant local markets where you can find unique traditional crafts, artwork, and handwoven textiles. It’s a great opportunity to support local artisans and take home a piece of this beautiful country.
How to best experience Eswatini?
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Eswatini: A Jewel in Southern Africa
| Capital | Mbabane |
| Time in Eswatini | GMT+2 |
| Language spoken | Siswati |
| Population | 1,136,334 (World Bank) |
| Religion | Christianity (94.5%) Islam (2.5%) Hinduism (1.2%) Traditional African Religions (0.6%) |
| Currency | Swazi lilangeni (SZL) |
| Airports | King Mswati III International Airport Matsapha International Airport Matsapha Airport Lubombo International Airport Piggs Peak Airport Mhlume Airport Big Bend Airport Ngomane Airport Ngwenya Airport Nkhungwini Airport |
The kingdom of Eswatini, formerly known as Swaziland, is a land of rich traditions and captivating landscapes. Tucked away in the southeastern region of Africa, this small but vibrant nation is one of the continent’s few remaining absolute monarchies. Eswatini’s history is deeply intertwined with its culture and traditions, and its people are known for preserving their rich heritage. The nation boasts a lineage that traces back for centuries, with a series of kings and chieftains who have shaped its destiny. Despite its size, Eswatini offers a diverse terrain, from the towering Lebombo Mountains to the lowveld’s lush savannahs. Throughout its history, despite being flanked by larger neighbors, the kingdom has maintained its sovereignty, never succumbing to colonial rule. Today, visitors are drawn to Eswatini for its cultural festivals, wildlife reserves, and warm-hearted people, making it a unique African destination.
Where is Eswatini located?
Eswatini is located in Southern Africa, bordered by South Africa to the west and Mozambique to the east. Its central location makes it easily accessible from neighboring countries.
What is Eswatini famous for?
Eswatini is famous for its annual cultural events, including the reed dance ceremony and the Incwala festival. The reed dance, also known as Umhlanga, is a celebration of young women’s chastity and beauty. It is a colorful and vibrant event that attracts visitors from all over the world. The Incwala festival, on the other hand, is a sacred ceremony that marks the beginning of the traditional year. It is a time of thanksgiving, renewal, and spiritual cleansing.
History
Early History – 1750: The Initial Inhabitants
The region now known as Eswatini has been inhabited since prehistoric times. Evidence suggests that hunter-gatherer communities, particularly the San people, were among the region’s earliest inhabitants, leaving behind a rich tapestry of rock art.
1750 – 1840: Rise of the Swazi Kingdom
The mid-18th century witnessed the emergence of the Dlamini dynasty, which played a pivotal role in establishing the Swazi Kingdom. The nation’s formation is attributed to King Ngwane III, who led migrations into the region. His descendants expanded and consolidated the kingdom, setting the foundation for a unified Swazi nation.
1840 – 1902: European Contact and British Control
The 19th century brought increasing European contact, primarily through British and Boer settlers. Initially, the Swazi leaders collaborated with the British to fend off Zulu raids and Boer encroachments. However, as the British Empire expanded its control in southern Africa, Eswatini (then known as Swaziland) became a British protectorate after the Second Boer War.
1902 – 1968: Under British Protectorate
Under British administration, Eswatini saw infrastructural development, albeit under the restrictive policies that came with colonial rule. The Swazi king remained a figurehead, with real power resting in the hands of British administrators. Despite its protectorate status, the Swazi monarchy and traditional structures persisted, maintaining a sense of continuity for its people.
1968 – Present: Independence and Modern Era
Eswatini achieved its independence from Britain on September 6, 1968. King Sobhuza II, who had been on the throne since 1921, played a crucial role in navigating the path to independence. In 1973, he repealed the constitution and consolidated power, a move that marked the start of a monarchy-dominated political system. His successor, King Mswati III, ascended to the throne in 1986 and has since ruled as Africa’s last absolute monarch. The country, while maintaining many of its traditions, has sought to modernize and address various challenges, including a high HIV/AIDS prevalence rate and economic dependencies. In 2018, King Mswati III announced the official renaming of the country from Swaziland to Eswatini, which translates to “Land of the Swazis,” reflecting a deeper connection to its heritage and traditions. Despite its small size, Eswatini remains a nation rich in culture, with the annual Umhlanga or Reed Dance and Incwala ceremonies being significant cultural and traditional events that attract global attention.
Visit Eswatini
What to see and do in Eswatini
Eswatini offers a range of attractions and activities for visitors to explore. Here are some notable highlights:
- Visit the Mantenga Cultural Village to learn about Swazi traditions and customs.
- Explore the Hlane Royal National Park, home to diverse wildlife including white rhinos, hippos, and elephants.
- Experience the natural beauty of Malolotja Nature Reserve, which offers hiking trails, stunning waterfalls, and abundant birdlife.
- Discover the vibrant markets and craft centers in the capital city, Mbabane, where you can purchase traditional artwork and souvenirs.
- Take part in traditional ceremonies and festivals, such as the Umhlanga Reed Dance or the Incwala ceremony.
Events in Eswatini
Eswatini hosts several annual events and festivals that showcase the country’s culture and traditions:
- Reed Dance Ceremony (August/September) – This cultural ceremony is a celebration of chastity and womanhood, with thousands of young Swazi women participating in a colorful procession.
- Incwala Ceremony (December/January) – This important ritual involves the gathering of the nation’s male citizens and the offering of first fruits to the king. It is a time of purification and renewal.
- Sibebe Survivor (April) – An endurance race held annually on Swaziland’s Sibebe Rock, one of the largest granite rock formations in the world.
- International Trade Fair (August) – A showcase of Eswatini’s industries, products, and services, attracting both local and international exhibitors.
Best time to visit Eswatini
The best time to visit Eswatini is during the dry season, which runs from May to October. This period offers pleasant weather with cooler temperatures, making it ideal for outdoor activities and wildlife spotting. The months of August and September are particularly popular due to the Reed Dance Ceremony, a unique cultural event. However, it’s worth noting that Eswatini can be visited year-round, as each season has its own charm and attractions.
Is Eswatini worth visiting?
Eswatini is definitely worth visiting for travelers seeking a unique cultural experience and an opportunity to explore the natural beauty of southern Africa. The country offers a rich cultural heritage, with vibrant traditions and festivals that provide an insight into the Swazi way of life. From its diverse wildlife to stunning landscapes, Eswatini has much to offer nature enthusiasts and adventure seekers. However, it’s important to be aware of the country’s socio-economic challenges and to travel responsibly. Overall, Eswatini is a destination that offers a blend of cultural immersion, wildlife experiences, and stunning scenery.
Common questions
What are the top tourist attractions in Eswatini?
- Hlane Royal National Park: This national park is home to a variety of wildlife, including elephants, rhinos, and lions. Visitors can go on game drives and guided walks to explore the park.
- Mlilwane Wildlife Sanctuary: This sanctuary is known for its beautiful landscapes and diverse wildlife. Visitors can go hiking, horseback riding, or mountain biking to explore the area.
- Ezulwini Valley: This picturesque valley is a popular tourist destination in Eswatini. It is known for its lush greenery, stunning mountain views, and cultural attractions.
- Mbabane: The capital city of Eswatini is worth a visit for its vibrant markets, art galleries, and historical sites.
- Matenga Cultural Village: This cultural village offers visitors a chance to experience Swazi culture and traditions through traditional dance, craft demonstrations, and storytelling.
What is the best time to visit Eswatini?
What activities can I do in Eswatini?
- Game drives: Explore the national parks and wildlife reserves on a thrilling game drive to spot elephants, rhinos, lions, and other wildlife.
- Hiking: Eswatini has many beautiful hiking trails that take you through stunning landscapes and offer opportunities for wildlife encounters.
- Horseback riding: Experience the beauty of Eswatini’s countryside on horseback. Guided horseback safaris and trails are available for riders of all skill levels.
- Cultural experiences: Immerse yourself in Swazi culture by visiting cultural villages, attending traditional ceremonies, and learning about the local traditions and crafts.
- Trekking and mountain biking: If you’re an adventure enthusiast, Eswatini offers excellent trekking and mountain biking opportunities in its picturesque mountains and valleys.
What are some traditional dishes to try in Eswatini?
- Umgxabhiso: A thick porridge made from maize meal that is often served with vegetables, meat, or gravy.
- Sishwala: A thick porridge made from ground corn, often served with beef or beans.
- Inyama emnandi: Grilled meat, usually beef or goat, marinated in a flavorful sauce and served with pap (maize meal).
- Emasi: A sour milk product similar to yogurt, often enjoyed as a refreshing drink or used in cooking.
- Sidvudvu: A mixed vegetable dish made with pumpkin leaves, beans, and other seasonal vegetables.
Are there any cultural festivals in Eswatini?
Is Eswatini a safe country to visit?
Can I see wildlife in Eswatini?
What is the currency used in Eswatini?
What is the official language of Eswatini?
Can I go on a safari in Eswatini?
Are there any health concerns in Eswatini?
What is the local transportation like in Eswatini?
- Taxis: Taxis are available in major cities like Mbabane and Manzini. It is advisable to negotiate the fare with the driver before starting the journey.
- Rental cars: Renting a car is a popular option for tourists who want to explore Eswatini at their own pace. Several car rental companies operate in the country.
- Minibuses: Minibuses, known as “kombis,” are a common mode of public transportation in Eswatini. They operate on fixed routes and can be a convenient and affordable way to travel between towns.
- Intercity buses: Inter-city buses connect major towns and cities in Eswatini. They offer comfortable and affordable transportation options for longer distances.
It is important to note that Eswatini follows left-hand driving, and an international driving permit is required if you plan to rent a car.