Shigatse, China

Shigatse, the second-largest city in Tibet, is a profound tapestry of cultural and spiritual history intertwined with breathtaking natural landscapes. Standing at an elevation of about 3,800 meters, this historical city hosts the revered Tashilhunpo Monastery, a key seat of Tibetan Buddhism. It offers an exceptional glimpse into Tibetan religious practices and architecture. Shigatse serves as a base for explorations of the Himalayas, including Mount Everest, which is accessible from the nearby towns. The city’s bazaars and festivals provide a colorful insight into the daily lives of the locals, making it a must-visit for those seeking to immerse themselves in authentic Tibetan culture.

When visiting Shigatse, ensure to acquire the required travel permits well in advance, as regulations can be stringent and processing times lengthy.

Plan your visit between April and October to experience Shigatse’s weather at its most amenable, particularly beneficial for monastery visits and scenic treks.

How to best experience Shigatse?

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Shigatse: Gateway to the Himalayas

Country	Tibet
Time in Shigatse	GMT+8
Language spoken	Tibetan
Population	117,000 (Source: Latest Census Data)
Currency	Renminbi (¥ / CNY)
Airports	Shigatse Peace Airport (5 mi / 8 km)

Located in Southern Tibet, Shigatse is the second-largest city in the region and serves as the spiritual heartland of Tibetan Buddhism. Known for its cultural richness and historical sites, Shigatse is a cherished destination for both pilgrims and adventurers alike. The city is encircled by awe-inspiring natural landscapes, including the iconic Mount Everest, which is accessible through the northern routes from Shigatse. The city itself houses numerous monumental structures like the Tashilhunpo Monastery, which is a historical seat of the Panchen Lamas.

Shigatse’s history dates back to over six hundred years, during which it has been an essential center for political and religious activities in Tibet. The city’s historical tapestry is rich with tales of ancient Buddhist monks, majestic monasteries, and the profound intertwining of religion and politics. Today, Shigatse is not only a hub for Tibetan spirituality but also a focal point for exploring the vast and breathtaking Himalayan landscape.

Beyond its religious and natural significance, Shigatse is a vibrant local economy driven by tourism, agriculture, and the trading of traditional Tibetan handicrafts. The city’s cultural festivals, such as the Saga Dawa Festival celebrating the birth, enlightenment, and parinirvana of Buddha, draw numerous visitors annually and offer a deep glimpse into the profound spiritual and communal life of the Tibetans.

Where is Shigatse?

Shigatse is nestled in the southwestern part of Tibet, boasting a strategic position that commands routes to Mount Everest and the Nepalese borders.

Distances:

Route	Distance by car	Time by car
Lhasa to Shigatse	160 mi / 257 km	Approx. 5 hours
Kathmandu to Shigatse	330 mi / 530 km	Approx. 6-8 hours

What is Shigatse famous for?

Shigatse is celebrated for its historic Tashilhunpo Monastery, stunning views of Mount Everest, and its profound spiritual significance in Tibetan Buddhism.

History

Prehistory – Early Inhabitance

Shigatse, situated in the southwestern part of Tibet, has been inhabited since prehistoric times. Initial settlers were likely nomadic tribes who moved through the Himalayas, exploiting the rich natural resources and fertile river valleys for sustenance. Archaeological findings suggest that the region around Shigatse saw human activity as far back as 20,000 years ago, with a more established pattern of habitation emerging by the Neolithic period.

9th – 15th Century – The Rise of Buddhism

The historical significance of Shigatse grew immensely with the spread of Buddhism. By the 9th century, as the religion took root in Tibet, Buddhist monasteries began to emerge as centers of learning and culture. The most notable development was the founding of the Tashilhunpo Monastery in 1447 by the First Dalai Lama. This event marked Shigatse as a significant religious center, second only to Lhasa.

17th Century – Political Developments

During the 17th century, Shigatse became embroiled in the power struggles of Tibetan politics. The monastery expanded its influence under successive Panchen Lamas, who were often involved in administering central Tibetan affairs, alongside the Dalai Lama. This period solidified Shigatse’s political as well as spiritual relevance in Tibetan society.

20th Century to Present – Modern Challenges and Tourism

The 20th century brought profound changes with Chinese intervention in Tibet. Shigatse, like many Tibetan cities, faced challenges amidst political upheavals. In recent decades, however, Shigatse has seen growth in tourism. Restoration efforts at Tashilhunpo Monastery and improved infrastructure have made Shigatse more accessible, promoting it as a crucial destination for those interested in Tibetan culture and history.

Visit Shigatse

What to see and do in Shigatse

Exploring Shigatse offers a blend of spiritual, historical, and natural sights. Start at the Tashilhunpo Monastery, the seat of the Panchen Lama, with its impressive chapels and statues. Venture to the Shalu Monastery to admire ancient murals and architecture. Nature lovers can trek to the pristine Nepali border or take in views of Mount Everest from Gyatso La Pass. For a cultural immersion, explore the local markets showcasing Tibetan crafts and cuisine.

Tashilhunpo Monastery
Shalu Monastery
Everest Views from Gyatso La Pass
Local Tibetan Markets

Festivals and Celebrations in Shigatse

Shigatse is vibrant with festivals, particularly the Tashilhunpo Thangka Exhibition. This spectacular event occurs annually in May and features giant thangkas (Buddhist paintings) displayed on the monastery walls. Another notable event is the Saga Dawa Festival, celebrated in June, marking the enlightenment of Buddha, which is observed with various religious rituals and ceremonies throughout the city.

Best time to visit Shigatse

The ideal times to visit Shigatse are during the spring (April to June) and autumn (September to November) seasons. These periods offer milder weather, clearer skies, and optimal conditions for trekking and outdoor activities. Additionally, visiting during these months allows travelers to experience the vibrant local festivals.

Is Shigatse worth visiting?

Shigatse is undoubtedly worth visiting for anyone interested in Tibetan culture, history, or nature. It offers a unique mix of religious significance and natural beauty, with the magnificent Himalayas as a backdrop. The city’s rich heritage and welcoming people provide an immersive and enriching experience, distinguishing it as a must-visit destination in Tibet.

What are the main attractions to visit in Shigatse?

Shigatse, the second-largest city in Tibet, offers a variety of remarkable attractions. Key sites include Tashilhunpo Monastery, home to the Panchen Lama, which features an impressive collection of religious artifacts and a giant statue of the Maitreya Buddha. The Shalu Monastery is known for its beautiful murals and ancient architecture. For nature lovers, the breathtaking vistas at Yamdrok Lake are a must-see. Adventure enthusiasts might explore the base camp of Mount Everest, which is accessible from Shigatse. Each site offers a unique glimpse into the rich cultural and natural heritage of Tibet.

What is the best time of year to visit Shigatse?

The best time to visit Shigatse is from April to October. During these months, the weather in Tibet is generally mild and dry, making it ideal for sightseeing and outdoor activities. The period from April to June is particularly vibrant with blooming flowers and lively cultural festivities, while September and October offer clear blue skies and the best views of the Himalayas. Visiting during these months also allows for a more pleasant journey to Everest Base Camp, a popular excursion from Shigatse.

What are typical dishes to try in Shigatse?

While in Shigatse, trying traditional Tibetan cuisine is a must. Typical dishes include Tsampa (barley flour dough), Tibetan butter tea, and varieties of momos (dumplings). Yak meat is a common ingredient, featured in dishes like yak steak and dried yak jerky. For a local delicacy, try the thukpa, a hearty noodle soup that comes in many variations, often enriched with meat and vegetables. Cheese from yak milk and local barley wine are also popular among both locals and tourists.

Are there any cultural etiquette tips one should follow when visiting Shigatse?

When visiting Shigatse, it is important to respect Tibetan customs and etiquette. Always ask permission before taking photographs of people or religious sites. It is customary to walk around temples and other religious structures in a clockwise direction. Additionally, avoid touching sacred objects or pointing your feet at people or religious artifacts. When receiving a gift or passing an object, use both hands as a sign of respect. Dress modestly, especially when visiting monasteries. Observing these cultural norms will help foster a respectful and positive interaction with local communities.

What kind of accommodation options are available in Shigatse?

Shigatse offers a range of accommodation options to suit various preferences and budgets. Travelers can choose from luxury hotels that provide modern amenities to more traditional guesthouses that offer a glimpse into Tibetan lifestyle. Mid-range hotels are available for those seeking a balance between comfort and cost. Additionally, for the adventurous, there are lodges and campsites near natural attractions, such as the Everest Base Camp route. Many accommodations also help arrange permits and tours, making your stay more convenient.

What are some popular trekking routes in and around Shigatse?

Shigatse is a hub for several popular trekking routes, especially for those targeting Everest Base Camp from the Tibetan side. The trek to Everest Base Camp offers mesmerizing views of the Himalayas. Another notable trek includes the route around Mount Kailash, revered as a sacred site in multiple religions, providing not just natural beauty but also a spiritual experience. Shorter treks, like those around the Rongbuk Monastery and the Shalu to Nartang trail, cater to less experienced trekkers seeking equally stunning landscapes.

Can foreign tourists drive their own vehicles in Shigatse?

Foreign tourists are not permitted to drive their own vehicles in Shigatse or anywhere in Tibet due to local regulations. Visitors must rely on hired vehicles with a local driver. This regulation helps ensure that tourism has minimal impact on the environment and local communities. It also addresses safety concerns, given the challenging driving conditions in many parts of Tibet. Tour operators can arrange comfortable and reliable transportation, including cars and buses, for sightseeing and transfers within Shigatse and to surrounding areas.

Are there any specific permits required for visiting Shigatse?

Yes, in addition to a Chinese visa, foreign tourists need to obtain a Tibetan Travel Permit to visit Shigatse and other parts of Tibet. If planning to visit restricted areas like the Mount Everest Base Camp, additional permits such as the Alien’s Travel Permit and the Military Permit are required. These permits are usually arranged by tour operators as part of travel packages to Tibet. It is important to arrange these documents well in advance to ensure compliance with local regulations and a smooth trip.