Nanjing, China

Nanjing, the capital of Jiangsu Province, offers a rich tapestry of history and modernity. Known as one of China’s four ancient capitals, it has served as the seat of many Chinese imperial dynasties. Today, Nanjing is a vibrant metropolis blending historical landmarks, such as the Ming Dynasty City Wall and the Zhonghua Gate, with contemporary developments. The city is also renowned for its serene East China Sea landscapes, lush green parks, and the poignant Nanjing Massacre Memorial, providing a profound educational and reflective experience for visitors.

When visiting Nanjing, prioritize the Nanjing Museum. It houses an extensive collection from imperial China that provides deep insights into the country’s rich cultural heritage.

Plan to visit the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum in the morning to avoid the crowds and fully enjoy the serene atmosphere and the impressive architecture.

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Nanjing: A Historical Tapestry

Country
China

Time in Nanjing
GMT+8

Language spoken
Mandarin

Population
8,499,000 (source: Nanjing Statistical Yearbook 2022)

Currency
Chinese Yuan (¥, CNY)

Airports

Nanjing Lukou International Airport (24 mi / 39 km)

Nanjing, the capital of Jiangsu Province in China, is a city that merges ancient history with modern development. With a recorded history of over 2,500 years, Nanjing has been a crucial center of Chinese civilization. It served as the capital for several dynasties and governments over millennia, making it a significant cultural hub. Known for its resilient spirit after events such as the Nanjing Massacre, the city today is a vibrant metropolis featuring both traditional heritage and contemporary progress.

Nanjing’s historical sites such as Sun Yat-sen’s Mausoleum, the Confucius Temple, and the Ming Dynasty City Wall vividly narrate stories from the past, while its modern skyline dominated by skyscrapers like the Zifeng Tower showcase its economic vitality. The city is also an educational powerhouse, hosting numerous high-ranking universities including Nanjing University.

The blend of lush green parks, lakes, and the Yangtze River running alongside the city enhance its picturesque landscape. Furthermore, the city is a pioneer in green technology and sustainable urban planning, hosting ecological projects like the Vertical Forest. As an influential city in East China, it remains a linchpin in the regional economy, politics, and culture.

Where is Nanjing?

Nanjing is situated in eastern China, nestled by the Yangtze River and close to the coast, integral to both river and maritime trade.

Distances:

Route	Distance by car	Time by car
Shanghai to Nanjing	189 mi / 304 km	3 hours 15 mins
Beijing to Nanjing	629 mi / 1012 km	10 hours 30 mins
Hangzhou to Nanjing	136 mi / 219 km	2 hours 30 mins

What is Nanjing famous for?

Nanjing is renowned for its rich history as a former capital of China and its well-preserved cultural sites including the Ming Dynasty City Wall and the Dr. Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum.

History

Prehistory to Early Dynastic Periods (up to 3rd Century BC)

Nanjing’s area has been a cradle of civilization since prehistoric times. Archaeological discoveries at Shangzhai and Tangshan indicate human activity dating back to 500,000 years ago during the Stone Age. The region became more culturally pronounced with the founding of Yuecheng, which was established around the 5th century BC, marking the first significant settlement.

The Six Dynasties Period (220–589 AD)

A pivotal era for Nanjing came about during the Six Dynasties period. It served as the capital for several successive regimes, leading to significant architectural and cultural developments. Prominent constructions from this era include numerous Buddhist temples and scholarly academies, setting the groundwork for Nanjing’s reputation as a center of learning and religion.

Ming Dynasty Epoch (1368–1644)

Nanjing experienced a renaissance during the Ming Dynasty when it was proclaimed the capital. The city saw great infrastructural improvements, and the iconic Ming Great Wall was built during this time. The period symbolized Nanjing’s height in both cultural and political significance, though the capital later shifted to Beijing.

The Republic and Modern Era (20th Century to Present)

The 20th century was marked by turbulence. Serving briefly as the capital of the Republic of China before the Communist takeover in 1949, the city suffered during the Second Sino-Japanese War with the tragic Nanjing Massacre. Modern-day Nanjing, however, has developed into a robust, cosmopolitan habitat, cementing itself as an educational and technological hub within China, rich with historical remnants juxtaposed with contemporary advancements.

Visit Nanjing

What to see and do in Nanjing, China.

Nanjing offers a rich tapestry of historical and modern attractions. Must-visit sites include:

The Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, a monumental site dedicated to the Father of Modern China.
The Confucius Temple, offering insights into China’s profound scholarly and philosophical traditions.
The Ming Great Wall remnants, showcasing the architectural prowess of ancient Chinese dynasties.
Modern attractions like the Nanjing Museum and the bustling Xinjiekou shopping district.

Explore these landmarks to fully experience the essence of Nanjing’s illustrious past and vibrant present.

Annual Events in Nanjing

Nanjing plays host to numerous cultural and modern events throughout the year that showcase its rich heritage and dynamic society. Key events include:

The Nanjing International Plum Blossom Festival (February to March).
The Dragon Boat Festival at Xuanwu Lake (June).
The China Nanjing International Jazz and World Music Festival (October).

Each event offers a unique way to experience the local culture and hospitality.

Best time to visit Nanjing

The optimal time to visit Nanjing is during spring (March to May) and autumn (September to November). These seasons provide mild weather, ideal for exploring the city’s vast historical sites and enjoying its outdoor activities.

Is Nanjing worth visiting?

Nanjing, with its deep historical roots and modern vibrancy, offers a rich travel experience that caters to various interests. Whether you are a history enthusiast eager to explore ancient sites or a culture seeker looking to immerse in local festivities, the city has much to offer. However, travelers should be prepared for the hustle and bustle typical of large Chinese cities. Overall, Nanjing’s blend of history, culture, and modernity makes it a worthwhile destination.

What is the best way to travel around Nanjing?

Traveling around Nanjing is quite convenient thanks to its efficient public transportation system and other options. The city’s Metro, operating several lines, covers major attractions, business districts, and residential areas, making it the fastest way to navigate the city. Buses offer wider coverage and are cost-effective, although they can be slower due to traffic. For more direct routes, taxis are readily available and reasonably priced. Rental bikes and electric scooters provide a flexible and fun way to explore at your own pace, especially in scenic areas like around the Xuanwu Lake or the Ming City Wall. For exploring historic sites or districts, walking is often the most rewarding way to appreciate the city’s detailed architecture and bustling street life.

What are some unique local foods to try in Nanjing?

Nanjing’s culinary scene offers a rich palette of flavors, well known for its unique dishes that you should try. Duck is a staple here, with Nanjing Salted Duck being the most famous; it’s known for its delicate flavors and tender meat. Another must-try is the Tangbao, a soup dumpling that bursts with broth upon the first bite, usually served with straw to drink the soup. Stinky tofu, a fermented dish, might challenge some palates but is a beloved street food among locals. Don’t miss out on Lurou Boiled Dry, a pork dish slow-cooked in soy sauce and spices, offering a melt-in-the-mouth experience. For dessert or a savory dish, try the sweet and salty Yanshui Cake, which epitomizes the local taste for combining contrasting flavors.

Can you recommend some green spaces or parks to visit in Nanjing?

Nanjing offers several breath-taking green spaces ideal for relaxation and recreation. Xuanwu Lake Park, located near the Nanjing Railway Station, features five interconnected islands and is a splendid spot for a leisurely walk or a paddle boat ride, offering splendid views of both the city and the ancient city wall. The Zhongshan Scenic Area, at the foot of Purple Mountain, includes several historical sites and provides extensive trails through lush landscapes. Mochou Lake Park, with its traditional architecture and beautiful water scenes, is another calming retreat. For those interested in botanical wonders, the Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen offers a look at numerous plant species and peaceful paths ideal for a tranquil stroll.

What are some notable architectural landmarks in Nanjing?

Nanjing is celebrated for its rich architectural heritage ranging from ancient dynastic constructions to modern towers. The Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum, dating back over 600 years, is a spectacular example of imperial architecture. Nearby, the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum combines traditional Chinese styles with modern elements and sits prominently on Purple Mountain. Another historic landmark is the Confucius Temple (Fuzi Miao), located along the Qinhuai River, offering intricate designs and a bustling surrounding area with shops and eateries. For a more contemporary touch, the Nanjing Zifeng Tower provides a panoramic view of the city and is an epitome of modern architectural prowess in skyscraper design.

What types of accommodations are available in Nanjing?

Nanjing caters to all types of travelers with a wide range of accommodation options. Luxury seekers will find numerous five-star hotels, such as the Jumeirah Nanjing and the InterContinental Nanjing, which provide top-notch amenities and spectacular city views. Mid-range hotels also abound, offering comfortable and convenient lodgings with good services. Budget travelers can opt for hostels and guesthouses, particularly around university areas and downtown, which are economical and often provide a friendly, communal atmosphere. Aside from hotels and hostels, serviced apartments are available for those seeking longer stays or more home-like facilities.

What are the best shopping areas in Nanjing?

Shopping enthusiasts will enjoy exploring Nanjing’s diverse shopping environments. The Xinjiekou district, known as the city’s shopping heart, blends high-end boutiques with large shopping malls like Deji Plaza and Aqua City, offering both international brands and local labels. For a more traditional shopping experience, the Fuzimiao Market around the Confucius Temple offers a plethora of local crafts, souvenirs, and antiques. Fashion street, Hunan Road, caters to a younger crowd with trendy shops and cafes. For something uniquely local, Zhongyangmen Market offers a vast selection of goods, from clothes to household items, at bargain prices.

Where can I find live entertainment or cultural shows in Nanjing?

Nanjing has a vibrant cultural scene offering various live entertainment options. The Jiangsu Centre for the Performing Arts regularly hosts opera, ballet, and symphony concerts that showcase both local and international talent. For contemporary live music, the 61 House focuses on underground bands and indie artists. Traditional Chinese performances, including puppet shows and Beijing opera, can be experienced at the Nanjing Folklore Museum. During warmer months, the Confucius Temple area frequently features street performers and traditional Chinese music, providing visitors a lively and culturally immersive atmosphere.

Are there any language services or resources for non-Chinese speaking tourists in Nanjing?

Nanjing is quite accommodating for non-Chinese speaking tourists. Major hotels often have staff who speak English and sometimes other languages like Japanese or French. Tourist information centers located around significant sites, the airport, and main train stations provide maps, guides, and assistance in multiple languages. Additionally, signs at major attractions, public transit routes, and within the metro system include English translations. Several mobile apps are available that offer translation services and can help navigate the city and its services, ensuring a more comfortable and accessible experience for all visitors.

Country	China
Time in Nanjing	GMT+8
Language spoken	Mandarin
Population	8,499,000 (source: Nanjing Statistical Yearbook 2022)
Currency	Chinese Yuan (¥, CNY)
Airports	Nanjing Lukou International Airport (24 mi / 39 km)