Hangzhou, China

Hangzhou, the capital of Zhejiang Province in eastern China, is renowned for its historical relics and natural beauty. It is famously known as one of China’s seven ancient capitals and exemplifies the country’s historical and cultural lineage with serene landscapes and bustling modernity. The West Lake, a UNESCO World Heritage site, offers tranquil views and a perfect snapshot of the interplay between culture and nature. Hangzhou is also a hub for tea production, with the Longjing tea being highly prized. This city not only captivates with its scenic beauty but also with its dynamic economic growth, making it a unique blend of ancient and contemporary attractions.

When visiting Hangzhou, ensure to explore the West Lake area both by day to capture its scenic vistas and by evening to experience its stunning sunsets.

Plan your visit in late spring or early fall to enjoy the mild weather and the vibrant colors of the season, ideal for outdoor activities and temple visits.

How to best experience Hangzhou?

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Hangzhou: The Heart of Chinese Culture and Commerce

Country
China

Time in Hangzhou
GMT+8

Language spoken
Mandarin

Population
Approximately 10.36 million (2020 census data)

Currency
Chinese Yuan (¥ / CNY)

Airports

Hangzhou Xiaoshan International Airport (25 mi / 40 km)

Hangzhou, the capital of Zhejiang Province in Eastern China, is renowned for its historical relics and natural beauty. It’s often regarded as one of China’s seven ancient capitals. With West Lake, recognized by UNESCO as a World Heritage site, Hangzhou mixes natural wonders with a bustling modern economy. It has a deep cultural heritage, evidenced by the fact it was the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty (1127-1279). Today, Hangzhou is not only a top tourist destination but also a center for digital commerce, being home to the global headquarters of Alibaba.

Where is Hangzhou?

Located in southeastern China, Hangzhou lies at the southern end of the Grand Canal and is near Shanghai.

Distances:

Route	Distance by car	Time by car
Shanghai to Hangzhou	112 miles (180 km)	Approx. 2 hours
Beijing to Hangzhou	1,020 miles (1,642 km)	Approx. 12 hours
Nanjing to Hangzhou	200 miles (321 km)	Approx. 3 hours

What is Hangzhou famous for?

Hangzhou is famously known for its scenic West Lake, a source of inspiration for poets and artists throughout Chinese history, and its role in the silk industry.

History

Ancient Foundations (Prehistoric Times – 589 AD)

Hangzhou’s history stretches back over several millennia, with evidence suggesting that it was inhabited as early as the Neolithic Age. Archaeological finds at the Liangzhu Culture site reveal a high level of civilization known for its jade artifacts. The city, originally known as Qiantang, was established as a county seat in the Qin dynasty, around the third century BC.

The Imperial City (589 – 1279)

During the Sui dynasty in 589 AD, Hangzhou was designated as the administrative capital of the Qiantang prefecture, marking the beginning of its importance in Chinese history. The city flourished under the Tang and Song dynasties, becoming an economic and cultural hub. In the Song dynasty, especially when it became the imperial capital in 1127, Hangzhou’s prosperity reached its zenith. The city was renowned for its luxurious life, described vividly in Marco Polo’s accounts, where he called it “beyond dispute the finest and the noblest in the world.”

The Era of Dynastic Changes (1279 – 1912)

After the Mongol invasion and the establishment of the Yuan dynasty in 1279, Hangzhou continued to be a significant cultural center albeit with less imperial favor. The city underwent various developmental phases under the Ming and Qing dynasties, with enhancements to its architectural and infrastructural elements. During these times, Hangzhou was known for its scenic beauty and historical sites, attracting scholars, poets, and artists who sought inspiration from its tranquil landscapes.

Modern Developments (1912 – Present)

Entering the 20th century, Hangzhou embraced modernization while preserving its historical heritage. The establishment of the Republic of China in 1912 saw further urban development and industrial growth. In recent decades, the city has witnessed a technological boom, becoming a center for e-commerce and tech industries in China, headquartering giants like Alibaba. Today, Hangzhou is not only celebrated for its historical and cultural legacy but also as a thriving modern city that successfully melds the past with the future.

Visit Hangzhou

What to see and do in Hangzhou, China

Exploring Hangzhou offers both historical insights and natural beauty. Key attractions include the picturesque West Lake, renowned for its scenic views and temples. Take a leisurely boat ride or enjoy a serene walk around this UNESCO World Heritage site to fully appreciate its charm. Nearby, the Lingyin Temple offers a peek into China’s spiritual heritage, housing intricate Buddhist carvings. For a taste of history, the Former Residence of Xueyan Hu provides a glimpse into the life of a Qing Dynasty businessman with its beautifully preserved architecture. Adventure-seekers can hike the verdant trails of the Nine Creeks area, meandering through lush landscapes and clear streams.

West Lake boat ride
Lingyin Temple visit
Tour of Former Residence of Xueyan Hu
Nine Creeks hiking

Cultural Festivities in Hangzhou

Hangzhou is vibrant with cultural festivals throughout the year. The West Lake Expo, held annually in autumn, showcases local arts, crafts, and cultural performances, celebrating the city’s historic and modern lifestyle. In spring, the Longjing Tea Festival allows visitors to participate in tea picking and tasting, promoting Hangzhou’s famous green tea. These events offer unique experiences of the local traditions and hospitality.

Best time to visit Hangzhou

The ideal time to visit Hangzhou is during the spring (March to May) and autumn (September to November) months. During these periods, the weather is most favorable—mild temperatures and minimal rainfall—perfect for exploring the city’s abundant natural and historical sites.

Is Hangzhou worth visiting?

Hangzhou is unquestionably worth visiting for both its historical richness and natural beauty. As a city that has harmoniously blended its cultural depth with modernity, Hangzhou offers a unique tapestry of experiences ranging from ancient temples and historic residences to scenic lakes and vibrant festivals. It appeals widely to history buffs, culture enthusiasts, and nature lovers alike, making it a compelling destination worthy of any travel itinerary.

What are the best local dishes to try in Hangzhou?

Hangzhou cuisine is a vital part of Zhejiang culinary traditions, renowned for its delicate flavors and elegant presentation. When visiting, try the iconic Dishui Dongpo Pork, a slow-cooked pork belly named after the famous poet Su Dongpo. Xiaolongbao, or soup dumplings, are another must-try, filled with rich, savory broth. For a unique local flavor, sample the West Lake Fish in Vinegar Sauce, featuring fresh fish from Hangzhou’s iconic lake, prepared with a sweet and sour sauce. Vegetarians should try Longjing Shrimp, cooked using local tea leaves which impart a fragrant aroma to the dish. Lastly, don’t miss the Hangzhou Beggar’s Chicken, an aromatic dish of chicken stuffed with herbs and wrapped in lotus leaves, then baked in clay.

What are the top natural attractions to visit in Hangzhou?

Hangzhou is celebrated for its stunning natural landscapes. Top of the list is West Lake, a UNESCO World Heritage site, famous for its scenic beauty that blends naturally with many famous historical and cultural sites around it. Xixi National Wetland Park offers a different pace and perspective with its tranquil waters and abundant wildlife. For hiking enthusiasts, visiting the Bamboo-lined path at Yunqi is a must, offering a serene walk through lush green bamboo groves. Lastly, the Nine Creeks in Misty Forest is a picturesque hiking area with streams and waterfalls set against the backdrop of dense forest.

Where can tourists find traditional crafts in Hangzhou?

For those interested in traditional crafts, Hangzhou offers several fascinating spots. The Hangzhou Arts and Crafts Museum provides insights into the local craftsmanship and showcases traditional techniques like silk weaving and pottery. Another key destination is the China Silk Town, where visitors can observe the silk-making process and purchase high-quality silk products. For a more interactive experience, the Longjing Tea Village allows visitors to participate in tea picking and learn about the delicate processing of the famous Longjing or Dragon Well tea. Additionally, tourists can explore small shops in the Hefang Street market, where artisans sell hand-made crafts such as fans and umbrellas.

How can visitors experience Hangzhou's tea culture?

Hangzhou’s tea culture can be best experienced by visiting the Longjing Tea Village. Here, you can see firsthand how Longjing tea, one of China’s most famous teas, is grown and processed. Visitors can also participate in tea picking during the harvest season (usually late March to early April) and sample fresh tea at local tea houses. Another option is the National Tea Museum, where guests can learn about the history of Chinese tea, the various types of tea, and their cultural significance. Participating in a traditional Chinese tea ceremony, which can be arranged in many of these settings, offers insight into the ceremonial aspects of tea drinking in Chinese culture.

What are the ideal day trips from Hangzhou?

From Hangzhou, visitors can easily take several rewarding day trips to explore more of the Zhejiang province. One popular destination is Wuzhen, a water town about an hour from Hangzhou, known for its ancient stone bridges, traditional architecture, and vibrant street life. Another excellent day trip is to the city of Shaoxing, famous for its historic sites linked to famous Chinese writer Lu Xun, as well as its unique stilt houses over water. Nature lovers might prefer a trip to the Thousand Islands Lake, an expansive lake with hundreds of islands that offer ample opportunities for hiking, boating, and exploring remote temples.

What are the popular local markets and shopping areas in Hangzhou?

For shopping enthusiasts, Hangzhou offers a variety of markets and shopping areas. Hefang Street, a historic street lined with traditional shops, is perfect for purchasing souvenirs like silk, tea, and handcrafted items. The modern counterpart is the Hangzhou Tower Shopping City, a large complex that houses luxury brands and designer stores. For a more local shopping experience, visit the Wushan Night Market, which offers a plethora of items from local snacks and street food to crafts and clothes. Lastly, the Qinghefang Ancient Street offers a mix of cultural artifacts and local handicrafts perfect for meaningful gifts or keepsakes.

What are some ways tourists can enjoy West Lake?

West Lake in Hangzhou offers numerous activities for visitors. One can take a leisurely boat ride across the lake to view some of its famous islands and landmarks like Solitary Hill and the Three Pools Mirroring the Moon. Cycling around the lake provides a scenic tour of its surroundings at a relaxed pace; bike rentals are readily available in many parts of the city. For a more traditional experience, take a guided tour around the lake that includes stories and legends associated with various spots. Finally, simply walking along the causeways at different times of the day offers changing perspectives and stunning views of the lake against the backdrop of Hangzhou’s hills.

What cultural festivals are unique to Hangzhou?

Hangzhou is host to several cultural festivals throughout the year, which offer visitors a deep dive into the local customs and traditions. The West Lake Cultural Festival, which occurs in the autumn, features art performances, traditional Chinese music, and exhibitions around West Lake. During the Chinese Lunar New Year, tourists can experience a variety of traditional festivities, including lantern displays and dragon dances. The Dragon Boat Festival, typically in June, is another exciting time to visit, with dragon boat races held on West Lake. Each festival brings to life Hangzhou’s rich cultural tapestry, offering unique experiences for visitors.

Country	China
Time in Hangzhou	GMT+8
Language spoken	Mandarin
Population	Approximately 10.36 million (2020 census data)
Currency	Chinese Yuan (¥ / CNY)
Airports	Hangzhou Xiaoshan International Airport (25 mi / 40 km)