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Strategically positioned in the heart of the Persian Gulf, Bahrain is a mesmerizing blend of ancient and modern. With roots stretching back to the Dilmun civilization and now standing as a global financial hub, the kingdom beckons visitors with its rich history, futuristic skyline, and timeless Arabian hospitality.
While visiting, embrace the local culture by attending a traditional ‘majlis’ – an intimate gathering offering insights into Bahraini traditions.
Don’t miss the Bahrain National Museum in Manama to delve deep into the island’s storied past and vibrant heritage.
How to best experience Bahrain?
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Bahrain: Pearl of the Arabian Gulf
| Capital | Manama |
| Time in Bahrain | GMT+3 |
| Language spoken | Arabic |
| Population | 1,701,575 (2021, World Bank) |
| Religion | Islam (70%) Christianity (14%) Hinduism (9%) Others (7%) |
| Currency | Bahraini Dinar (BHD) |
| Airports | Bahrain International Airport (Muharraq) |
Bahrain, a country located in the Persian Gulf, is a hidden gem waiting to be discovered. With its rich history, vibrant culture, and stunning landscapes, Bahrain is a must-visit destination for travelers around the world. Its capital, Manama, offers a unique blend of traditional Arabian charm and modernity. The city’s skyline is dominated by towering skyscrapers, while its historic district is filled with traditional houses and bustling souks.
With a population of over 1.6 million, Bahrain is a diverse and welcoming country. The official language spoken in Bahrain is Arabic, but English is widely understood and spoken, especially in popular tourist areas. The country’s official religion is Islam, with a majority of the population being Muslim. Other religions also exist in Bahrain, such as Christianity, Hinduism, and Sikhism.
The local currency in Bahrain is the Bahraini Dinar (BHD), which is equivalent to 1,000 fils. The currency is widely accepted in hotels, restaurants, and major shopping centers. Credit cards are also widely accepted.
Bahrain is home to several airports, making it easily accessible for international travelers. Some of the most relevant civil airports in Bahrain include Bahrain International Airport (BAH), which is located approximately 4 miles (6.4 km) northeast of Manama, and Muharraq International Airport (OBBI), located around 3.4 miles (5.5 km) northeast of Manama.
Where is Bahrain located?
Bahrainis strategically situated in the Persian Gulf, just off the eastern coast of Saudi Arabia. This archipelago comprises 33 islands, with Bahrain Island being the largest and most populous. Its central location in the Gulf has made it a key trading and cultural hub for centuries.
What is Bahrain famous for?
Bahrain is famous for its rich history and cultural heritage. It is home to the ancient Dilmun civilization, known for its impressive burial mounds dating back to 2200 BC. Furthermore, Bahrain is renowned for its pearl diving history, which once made it a vital part of the global pearl trade.
History
Ancient Civilizations and Dilmun (2300 BC – 800 BC)
The earliest historical references to Bahrain (often referred to as “Barhain” in ancient texts) are found in Sumerian inscriptions, where it was called “Dilmun”. Dilmun was an ancient trading civilization known as the “land of immortality” and was a vital trading hub between the Indus Valley and Mesopotamia. The island was renowned for its freshwater springs and rich pearling industry.
Tyre Dominance and Hellenistic Period (800 BC – 300 AD)
By the end of the Dilmun civilization, Bahrain came under the control of the Assyrians and subsequently the Babylonians. Around the 6th century BC, the island was taken over by the Persians. Bahrain was then named “Tylos” by the Greeks after it was included in the Persian Empire. During the Hellenistic period, after the conquests of Alexander the Great, Bahrain became part of the Seleucid Empire.
Islamic Conquest and the Qarmatian State (600 AD – 1050 AD)
The advent of Islam in the 7th century transformed the Arabian Peninsula. Bahrain embraced Islam under the guidance of the Prophet Muhammad’s representative, Al-Ala’a Al-Hadrami. However, the region’s stability was disrupted by the Qarmatians, a revolutionary Ismaili Shia sect. They established a powerful state in Bahrain, turning it into their stronghold and even attacking Mecca.
Portuguese Rule and Persian Control (1500s – 1783)
By the 16th century, Bahrain became a point of contention between the Portuguese and the Persians. The Portuguese briefly controlled the island to protect their trade routes to India. Eventually, in the 17th century, Bahrain was reclaimed by the Persians and stayed under their control until the late 18th century.
House of Al Khalifa (1783 – Present)
In 1783, Bahrain was captured by the Al Khalifa family, who arrived from the Qatar Peninsula. They have ruled Bahrain ever since. The 19th and 20th centuries saw Bahrain becoming a British protectorate, safeguarding British imperial communication routes to India. This association continued until 1971 when Bahrain declared independence. The modern era has seen Bahrain transformed from a pearling economy to an oil-based one post the discovery of oil in the 1930s. In recent decades, Bahrain has made efforts to diversify its economy and has become a banking and financial hub. The island nation has also witnessed political upheavals and calls for greater democratic representation. The late 20th and early 21st centuries marked periods of social reform and constitutional changes, with the establishment of a partially elected parliament and attempts to address the concerns of its Shiite majority. Bahrain’s rich history, blending ancient civilizations and modern dynamics, remains pivotal to understanding the broader narratives of the Gulf and the Arabian Peninsula.
Visit Bahrain
What to see and do in Bahrain
Bahrain offers a diverse range of attractions and activities for visitors to enjoy. Here are some of the must-see and must-do experiences in Bahrain:
- Explore the Qal’at al-Bahrain (Bahrain Fort), a UNESCO World Heritage site that showcases the island’s ancient history.
- Visit the Bahrain National Museum to learn about the rich cultural heritage and history of Bahrain.
- Enjoy a day at one of Bahrain’s stunning beaches, such as Al Jazair Beach or Marassi Beach.
- Experience the vibrant atmosphere of the Manama Souq, a traditional market where you can shop for spices, textiles, and local crafts.
- Indulge in delicious Bahraini cuisine at one of the many local restaurants, with specialties such as machboos (spiced rice with meat) and muhammar (sweet rice with dates).
- Take a boat trip to visit the Hawar Islands, a group of picturesque islands known for their pristine beaches and wildlife.
Events in Bahrain
Bahrain hosts a range of events throughout the year, offering visitors a chance to experience the vibrant culture and traditions of the country. Here are some notable events in Bahrain:
- The Formula 1 Gulf Air Bahrain Grand Prix held at the Bahrain International Circuit in March attracts racing enthusiasts from around the world.
- The Bahrain Spring of Culture Festival, which takes place from February to April, showcases a wide range of cultural performances, including music, dance, and theater.
- The Bahrain International Book Fair, held in March, is a haven for book lovers and features a diverse selection of books from local and international authors.
Best time to visit Bahrain
The best time to visit Bahrain is during the cooler months, from November to March, when temperatures are mild and pleasant. This time of year is perfect for outdoor activities and exploring the historical sites of Bahrain. However, it’s also worth noting that Bahrain is a year-round destination, and each season offers its own unique charm.
Is Bahrain worth visiting?
Bahrain is definitely worth visiting for its rich history, cultural heritage, and modern attractions. The island nation offers a unique blend of ancient traditions and contemporary development, making it a fascinating destination for travelers. From exploring ancient archaeological sites to indulging in delicious cuisine and experiencing vibrant cultural events, Bahrain has something to offer every visitor. However, it’s important to note that Bahrain is a small country, and some visitors may prefer to combine their trip with a visit to neighboring destinations. Regardless, Bahrain’s unique charm and warm hospitality make it a worthwhile destination for those seeking an enriching travel experience.
Common questions
What are the top tourist attractions in Bahrain?
- The Bahrain National Museum
- The Bahrain Fort
- The Al Fateh Grand Mosque
- The Tree of Life
- The Bab Al Bahrain
- The Royal Camel Farm
What are the best activities to do in Bahrain?
- Exploring the historical sites, such as the Bahrain Fort and Bab Al Bahrain
- Visiting the Bahrain National Museum to learn about the country’s history and culture
- Relaxing on the beautiful beaches, such as Al Jazayer Beach
- Shopping at the traditional markets and modern malls
- Trying delicious local cuisine at restaurants and street food stalls
- Enjoying water sports, such as diving and snorkeling
What are the best places to eat in Bahrain?
- Masso: A restaurant known for its gourmet European and Mediterranean cuisine
- La Fontaine: A unique restaurant located in a beautifully restored 19th-century mansion
- Camelot Restaurant: A charming venue offering traditional Bahraini food and live music
- Akbar Tea: A popular spot for tea lovers, offering a variety of tea blends and snacks
- The Orangery: A cozy cafe serving delicious breakfast and brunch options
What is the local currency in Bahrain?
What are the transportation options in Bahrain?
- Taxis: Taxis are readily available and can be hailed on the street or hired from a taxi stand. Make sure to ask for a metered taxi or agree on a fare before starting your journey.
- Public buses: Bahrain has an extensive bus network, with routes covering most areas. The buses are affordable and a convenient way to travel around the city.
- Renting a car: If you prefer more independence and flexibility, you can rent a car. There are numerous car rental companies in Bahrain, and driving is on the right side of the road.
What are the popular traditional souvenirs to buy in Bahrain?
- Hand-woven baskets and carpets
- Traditional Arabic perfumes and incense
- Local artwork and handicrafts
- Spices and herbs
- Camel leather products
- Pottery and ceramics
What are the dress code expectations in Bahrain?
- For men: It is generally acceptable to wear shorts and t-shirts. However, it is advised to avoid overly revealing or offensive clothing.
- For women: It is recommended to dress modestly, covering the shoulders and knees. Women should also have a scarf or shawl handy to cover their hair when visiting religious sites.
Is Bahrain safe for tourists?
What is the medical tourism scene in Bahrain like?
What is the nightlife like in Bahrain?
What are the top cultural events and festivals in Bahrain?
- Bahrain International Music Festival
- Bahrain Food Festival
- Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha
- Bahrain National Day
- Bahrain International Book Fair
- Bahrain Fashion Week