Nafplio, Greece

Nafplio, often hailed as one of Greece’s most picturesque cities, exemplifies the blend of historical richness and modern elegance. Nestled in the Peloponnese peninsula, this seaside gem served as the first capital after Greece declared independence.

The city’s charm is accented by its Venetian fortresses, Ottoman fountains, and neoclassical architecture, with the Palamidi Castle towering majestically over terracotta rooftops. Nafplio is not only a portal into Greece’s revolutionary past but also a vibrant hub of culture and hospitality, perfect for travelers seeking both enlightenment and relaxation.

Embark on a walking tour early in your visit to capture the essence of Nafplio’s historic heart, navigating its narrow, lively streets before they fill with daily visitors.

Be sure to visit Nafplio in the late spring or early autumn to enjoy mild weather and fewer crowds, enhancing your experience of the city’s rich tapestry of sights and flavors.

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Nafplio: A Timeless Beauty by the Sea

Country
Greece

Time in Nafplio
GMT+3

Language spoken
Greek

Population
14,203 (Statista, 2021)

Currency
Euro (€, EUR)

Airports

Kalamata Airport (54 mi / 87 km)
Athens International Airport (109 mi / 175 km)

Located on the eastern Peloponnese coast of Greece, Nafplio stands as one of the most picturesque towns in the country, rich with history and brimming with culture. Known as the ‘Naples of the East’, Nafplio was the first capital of modern Greece and has been inhabited since ancient times, which is reflected in its varied architectecture and numerous monuments. The city’s charming old town is filled with narrow streets, historic buildings, and beautiful squares, all framed by dramatic coastal and mountain backdrops.

Nafplio’s significance stretches back to the pre-classical era but its most visible landmarks date from the Venetian rule in the 15th century, especially Palamidi, a fortress towering above the town. The Bourtzi, a small fortress on an islet in the harbor, adds to the city’s scenic and historical appeal.

Nafplio’s allure is not just in its rich history and stunning views, but also in its vibrant local life, with bustling tavernas, seafront cafés, and museums like the Komboloi Museum and the War Museum. The city hosts classical music festivals that bring a contemporary vibrancy to this ancient setting. By evening, the city holds a romantic ambiance as the streets come alive with people enjoying the nightlife and the warm Mediterranean breeze.

For visitors, Nafplio offers a wealth of experiences from historical tours exploring ancient ruins and forts, to leisurely pursuits like boating or swimming near Arvanitia beach. The town also serves as a gateway to exploring the archaeological treasures of the Peloponnese, including Epidaurus, Mycenae, and Tiryns.

Where is Nafplio?

Nafplio is located in the Argolis prefecture of the Peloponnese peninsula in Greece.

Distances:

Route	Distance by car	Time by car
Athens to Nafplio	94 miles (151 km)	Approximately 2 hours
Thessaloniki to Nafplio	342 miles (550 km)	Approximately 5 hours 30 minutes

What is Nafplio famous for?

Nafplio is renowned for its well-preserved architecture, historical significance as the first capital of Greece, and its striking medieval castles and fortresses like Palamidi and Bourtzi, symbols of its storied past.

History

Prehistoric to Classical Era

Nafplio, one of Greece’s most historic cities, is believed to have been settled as far back as the prehistoric period, with its name deriving from Nafplios, the son of Poseidon. Early settlements show that the area was an important center during the Mycenaean civilization, highlighted by its proximity to the legendary cities of Tiryns and Mycenae. The prominence of the area continued into the Classical Greek period, aligning Nafplio with powerful maritime ventures and trading.

Middle Ages to Venetian Rule (1204-1540)

Following the Fourth Crusade, Nafplio entered a period of varied foreign control, beginning with the Franks and later passing into Byzantine hands. The city thrived under Venetian rule starting in the late 14th century, which fortified the city and shaped much of its aesthetic architectural heritage. Venetian influence remains prominent in Nafplio’s old town, where medieval and Renaissance structures blend seamlessly.

Ottoman and Venetian Rule (1540-1821)

Control over Nafplio alternated multiple times between the Venetians and the Ottomans during this period, reflecting the broader struggle for dominance in the Mediterranean region. Each tenure left unique imprints, particularly the Ottomans, who constructed mosques and baths, integrating them with the older, Venetian-built structures, resultant in a rich, cultural mosaic that is visible to this day.

Modern Greece (1821-Present)

Nafplio holds a prestigious place in modern Greek history as the first capital of the newly established Greek state after the war of independence against the Ottomans in 1821. The city was officially the capital until 1834, when Athens took over the role. Today, Nafplio is celebrated for its well-preserved historical architecture, vibrant cultural scene, and as a beloved destination for both Greek and international tourists.

Visit Nafplio

What to See and Do in Nafplio

Exploring Nafplio is akin to walking through a living museum, with its rich heritage visible in every corner. Key attractions include the imposing Palamidi Castle, which offers spectacular views of the town and bay.

The Bourtzi sea fortress, accessible via a short boat ride, is another must-visit. The cobbled streets of the old town are lined with neoclassical mansions, quaint cafes, and boutiques, providing an ideal setting for leisurely walks. Among the city’s museums, the Archaeological Museum of Nafplio and the War Museum offer insights into the city’s significant past.

Palamidi Castle
Bourtzi Fortress
Archaeological Museum of Nafplio
Old Town exploration

Festivities and Celebrations in Nafplio

Nafplio hosts numerous cultural and historical events throughout the year, reflecting its rich heritage and vibrant community. The Nafplio Festival in summer features music, dance, and theatrical performances, filling the historic squares and fortresses with art and culture.

Another notable event is the Nafplio Marathon in spring, attracting participants from across the globe.

Best Time to Visit Nafplio

The best time to visit Nafplio is during spring (April to June) and fall (September to November). During these months, the weather is pleasantly mild, perfect for exploring the city’s extensive historical sites and natural beauty without the peak summer crowds.

Is Nafplio Worth Visiting?

Indeed, Nafplio is worth visiting. This picturesque city not only offers a journey through the annals of Greek history but also provides a stunning natural setting with expansive views of the Argolic Gulf.

Its vibrant cultural life, highlighted by festivals and local events, adds to the city’s allure, making it an ideal destination for tourists seeking both historical depth and contemporary leisure activities.

What are the must-visit attractions in Nafplio?

Nafplio is a stunningly picturesque town in Greece that offers a variety of attractions. Key sites include Palamidi Castle, which you can reach by climbing 999 steps for a breathtaking view of the town and the sea. Another landmark is Bourtzi, a small fortress on a tiny islet in the bay accessible by boat. The Archaeological Museum of Nafplio, located in an elegant Venetian building, provides insights into the region’s rich history, featuring artifacts from various archaeological sites around Argolis. For a relaxing stroll, visit the old town with its beautiful neoclassical architecture and charming cobblestone streets. Don’t miss the chance to walk along the scenic promenade that leads to Arvanitia Beach, offering spectacular views of the bay. Lastly, the Komboloi Museum, dedicated to the history and variety of worry beads in Greek culture, provides a unique cultural insight.

What are the best local dishes to try in Nafplio?

When visiting Nafplio, you should certainly indulge in the local gastronomy, which is representative of the Peloponnesian cuisine. Top dishes to try include “Gourounopoulo” (roasted pork), which is often spiced with local herbs and garlic, and “Bouyourdi”, a baked cheese dish typically spiced with peppers and tomatoes. Seafood is also a must-try, given Nafplio’s coastal location, especially dishes like grilled octopus or “Kakavia” (a rich fisherman’s soup). For those with a sweet tooth, “Diples”, a traditional dessert made of thin sheet-like dough rolled and fried, then drizzled with honey and sprinkled with nuts, is a delightful treat. Sampling a variety of olives and olive oils is also recommended, as the region is renowned for its production.

What outdoor activities can you do in Nafplio?

Nafplio offers a range of outdoor activities that cater to various interests. For hikers and nature lovers, trekking the trail to the top of Palamidi Castle provides not only a good exercise but also panoramic views of Nafplio and the surrounding waters. Cycling tours around the town or nearby countryside can offer a leisurely way to appreciate the local landscape. Kayaking and sailing are popular water activities in the bay, providing a different perspective of Bourtzi Fortress and the coastline. For those looking for a leisurely time outdoors, the beaches around Nafplio, like Karathona Beach, provide sunbathing, swimming, and snorkeling opportunities. During the spring and autumn, bird watching in the nearby wetlands attracts nature enthusiasts.

What unique shopping experiences can you find in Nafplio?

Nafplio is a great place for shoppers looking for unique items and local goods. The Old Town is lined with boutique shops offering handmade jewelry, local crafts, and art, perfect for finding a one-of-a-kind souvenir. Leather goods are particularly popular, including handcrafted shoes and bags. There are several specialty shops selling Greek spices, olive oils, and local wines which let you bring a taste of Greece home. Don’t miss the local markets where artisans sell their intricacies, from hand-painted ceramics to locally woven textiles. Nafplio’s market scene is vibrant and offers an intimate glimpse into the daily life and culture of its inhabitants.

Are there family-friendly activities in Nafplio?

Nafplio is very welcoming to families, offering a range of activities suitable for children and adults alike. The Palamidi Castle is a hit among families; the climb is long, but the view is worth it. For a less strenuous activity, take a boat ride to Bourtzi fortress, which children tend to find exciting. The town’s beaches, particularly Arvanitia and Karathona, provide safe and clean spots for children to play and swim. The Municipal Railway Park provides a quaint setting with old train cars and machinery that excite kids who are fans of trains. Many of the cafes and restaurants are also child-friendly, offering menus that cater to younger tastes and preferences.

Which are the best months to visit Nafplio for weather and fewer crowds?

The ideal time to visit Nafplio for the best weather and fewer crowds is during the shoulder seasons, which include April, May, early June, late September, and October. During these months, the weather is pleasantly warm, perfect for sightseeing and outdoor activities. Summertime, especially July and August, tends to be very hot and is also the peak tourism season, which means more crowds and higher prices. The shoulder seasons offer the added benefit of witnessing Nafplio in bloom during the spring or enjoying the harvest season activities in the autumn, all while avoiding the intense heat and larger tourist crowds.

What traditional events or festivals can tourists experience in Nafplio?

Nafplio hosts several traditional events and festivals that provide a deeper insight into Greek culture. The “Nafplio Carnival” is a significant event taking place before Lent, featuring parades, masquerade balls, and various festivities that enliven the entire town. The “Nafplion Festival” during the summer brings a variety of musical performances ranging from classical to contemporary music, held in historic venues like Palamidi Castle and Syntagma Square. Another cultural event is the “Anniversary of the Siege of Nafplio”, which includes historical reenactments, military parades, and cultural exhibitions every December, commemorating Nafplio’s role in the Greek War of Independence.

How do I navigate public transportation in Nafplio?

Navigating public transportation in Nafplio is relatively straightforward. The town itself is small and can be comfortably covered on foot, especially the historic Old Town area where many attractions are located close to each other. For longer distances, there are local buses that connect Nafplio to surrounding areas and beaches. Taxis are readily available and can be a convenient option for direct routes. For those wanting to explore beyond Nafplio, there are regional bus services that connect to other major cities and attractions within the Peloponnese. Renting a car can also be considered if planning regular trips outside of town.

Country	Greece
Time in Nafplio	GMT+3
Language spoken	Greek
Population	14,203 (Statista, 2021)
Currency	Euro (€, EUR)
Airports	Kalamata Airport (54 mi / 87 km) Athens International Airport (109 mi / 175 km)