Image: Wikipedia
Asmara, the capital of Eritrea, presents a unique blend of Italian, Egyptian, and Ottoman architectural styles, encapsulating a rich historical tapestry. Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site, the city is celebrated for its well-preserved modernist architecture. Asmara’s captivating ambience is matched by its high altitude, offering a pleasantly cool climate. This city not only showcases an array of exquisite art deco buildings but also provides a deeply immersive cultural experience through its diverse cuisines and vibrant festivals. A visit to Asmara is a step back in time, offering insights into a meticulously preserved colonial-era city in the heart of Africa.
Consider visiting during the summer months, when Asmara’s weather is most welcoming, allowing full enjoyment of its outdoor cafés and markets.
Book a guided architectural tour to gain deeper understanding of Asmara’s historical context and architectural significance.
How to best experience Asmara?
Discover tickets, tours, and activities for Asmara through these providers:
Asmara: The City of Dreams High Above the Sea
| Country | Eritrea |
| Time in Asmara | GMT+3 |
| Language spoken | Tigrinya |
| Population | 963,000 (UN Data 2023) |
| Currency | Nakfa (ERN) |
| Airports | Asmara International Airport (4 mi / 6 km). |
Asmara, the capital of Eritrea, lies on the eastern edge of Eritrea’s highland plateau. With a population of almost one million residents, it serves not only as the country’s administrative center but also as its cultural and educational hub. Elevated at 2,325 meters above sea level, Asmara boasts a unique blend of Italianate architecture, visible in its wide avenues, piazzas, and coffee shops, reminiscent of Italy itself – a remnant of its colonial past under Italian rule during the first half of the 20th century. The city’s vibrant culture and fusion of traditions and modernity make it a captivating place for tourists. The serene streets lined with Art Deco buildings, combined with its relatively cool climate due to the elevation, offer a charming escape from the typical African heat found in many other regions of the continent. The National Museum of Eritrea, situated in Asmara, provides an in-depth look at the nation’s history, from ancient artefacts to insights into the struggle for independence. Furthermore, Asmara’s religiously diverse community is evident through its many religious structures, including the enchanting St. Joseph’s Cathedral, Al Khulafa Al Rashiudin Mosque, and Enda Mariam Orthodox Church, each presenting a pivotal aspect of the city’s eclectic cultural blend. Annual festivals such as the Summer Festival and religious celebrations see the streets transform with color and vibrancy, showcasing the city’s friendly atmosphere and community spirit. Additionally, Asmara is an educational cornerstone, housing the University of Asmara among other institutions, instrumental in shaping the future of Eritrea’s youth. Despite challenges, Asmara continues to thrive, maintaining its beauty and resilience as a symbol of Eritrean pride and unity.
Where is Asmara?
Asmara is located in the central-eastern part of Eritrea, perched on a highland plateau, providing it with a mild climate all year round.
Distances:
| Route | Distance by car | Time by car |
|---|---|---|
| Massawa to Asmara | 67 miles (108 km) | 2 hours 20 minutes |
| Keren to Asmara | 91 miles (146 km) | 2 hours 45 minutes |
What is Asmara famous for?
Asmara is renowned for its well-preserved modernist architecture from the early 20th century, earning it the nickname “Little Rome.” The city was declared a UNESCO World Heritage site due to its unique architectural and urban ensemble.
History
7000 BCE – Early Settlers
Asmara’s history dates back to around 7000 BCE when it first started as a group of small settlements. These early inhabitants were primarily engaged in agriculture and animal husbandry, laying the groundwork for future urban development.
800 – Medieval Trade and Growth
By the 800s, Asmara had become a vital part of the trade routes across the region, connecting various civilizations in the Horn of Africa. This period saw the foundation of the city as a commercial hub, influenced heavily by nearby Axumite civilization.
1890 – Italian Colonization
The defining episode in Asmara’s history began in 1890 when it was captured by the Italians. Under Italian rule, Asmara transformed architecturally and culturally, becoming known as “Little Rome.” Numerous art deco buildings were constructed during this time, shaping the city’s unique European-like character.
1941 – British Administration
After the defeat of the Italians in World War II, British forces took control of Asmara in 1941. This period was marked by significant changes in administrative structures but limited infrastructural development.
1952 – Federation with Ethiopia
In 1952, Asmara became part of a federation with Ethiopia, which led to tensions due to nationalistic and social disparities. This era was crucial as it set the stage for future conflicts in the region.
1991 – Independence Movement
The city played a crucial role in Eritrea’s struggle for independence, which was achieved in 1991 following a long and bloody conflict with Ethiopia. Since independence, Asmara has been the capital of Eritrea and has focused on preserving its rich architectural heritage and rebuilding its economy.
Visit Asmara
What to see and do in Asmara, Eritrea.
Asmara, known for its remarkable Italian art deco architecture, invites visitors to explore its unique buildings. Key attractions include the Fiat Tagliero Building, the Cathedral of Asmara, and the National Museum of Eritrea. For those interested in leisurely activities, café hopping is popular, capturing the essence of Asmarino culture. Visitors can explore on foot the vibrant markets such as Medeber Market, known for its craft workshops.
Cultural Events in Asmara
Asmara hosts several cultural festivities that highlight its rich heritage and diverse communities. The most notable is the Asmara Festival, held annually in summer, celebrating music, art, and cuisine from across Eritrea. Additionally, the Italian Film Week and various religious events such as Meskel, a Christian festival, provide valuable insights into the local culture.
Best time to visit Asmara
The ideal time to visit Asmara is during the cooler months from October to March. During this period, the weather is pleasantly mild, making it perfect for exploring the city and participating in outdoor activities without the harsh heat prevalent in other months.
is Asmara worth visiting?
Asmara offers a unique blend of Italian architectural splendor and Eritrean culture, making it an intriguing destination for history buffs and cultural enthusiasts. However, visitors may face challenges such as limited tourist infrastructure and restrictions on media and communication. Despite these hurdles, the city’s peaceful atmosphere and rich history provide a compelling experience for those looking to explore a less conventional travel destination.