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Arles, a city steeped in rich history and culture, is nestled in the heart of Provence, France. Renowned for its stunning Roman architecture, Arles captivates visitors with well-preserved monuments like the Arles Amphitheatre and the Roman Theatre. The city was also famously a source of inspiration for Vincent van Gogh, enhancing its appeal as a magnet for art lovers. With its vibrant local traditions and scenic beauty, including the nearby Camargue natural region, Arles offers a unique blend of historical exploration and artistic enchantment.
Visit Arles in late spring to experience the city in full bloom, avoiding the peak tourist season while enjoying comfortable weather and local events.
Be sure to explore the weekly local markets in Arles where you can purchase regional produce and crafts, offering an authentic taste of Provençal life.
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| Country | France |
| Time in Arles | GMT+1 |
| Language spoken | French |
| Population | 52,857 (as per the latest municipal data) |
| Currency | Euro (€, EUR) |
| Airports |
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Arles, a city steeped in history located in the heart of the Provence region in southern France, offers a stunning display of ancient architecture and vibrant cultural heritage. With its roots stretching back to the Roman Empire, Arles is renowned for its impressive Roman monuments, such as the Arles Amphitheater, which now hosts plays, concerts, and bullfights, continuing a tradition of entertainment that spans centuries.
Famous for inspiring the paintings of Vincent Van Gogh, Arles’s picturesque streets and historical buildings have been captured in some of his most celebrated works. Today, art lovers can follow the Van Gogh trail to view the scenes of his artworks and visit the Fondation Vincent Van Gogh to admire art influenced by the master’s style.
Arles is also known for its role in the development of photography; hosting the international photography festival, Les Rencontres d’Arles, annually, which attracts artists and visitors from around the globe.
The city’s ancient history is layered with medieval and classical influences visible in its architecture and urban layout. The UNESCO World Heritage designation of its Roman and Romanesque monuments underscores the global significance of Arles’s contributions to history and culture.
Moreover, the surrounding landscape of the Camargue, with its wild marshlands, rice fields, and salt flats, offers an ecological richness that supports diverse wildlife, including the famously rugged Camargue horses and pink flamingoes, providing an excellent base for those passionate about nature and outdoor activities.
With its vibrant market days showcasing local produce, and a gastronomy influenced by Provençal and Mediterranean flavors, Arles stands out as a culinary delight. This city not only celebrates its glorious past but also embraces the dynamic inputs of the present, making it a fascinating destination for history buffs, art lovers, and adventurers alike.
Where is Arles?
Located in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur region in Southern France, Arles sits on the Rhône River, proving its pivotal historical role as a trading post.
Distances:
| Route | Distance by car | Time by car |
|---|---|---|
| Marseille to Arles | 57 miles (92 km) | 1 hour |
| Lyon to Arles | 155 miles (250 km) | 2 hours 30 minutes |
| Paris to Arles | 485 miles (781 km) | 7 hours |
What is Arles famous for?
Arles is renowned for its ancient Roman monuments, the Van Gogh artistic heritage, and the annual Les Rencontres d’Arles photography festival.
History
Prehistory to Roman Foundation (Before 50 BC)
Arles, rich with a history spanning thousands of years, was first inhabited in the Neolithic era, evidenced by various archaeological discoveries in the region. The strategic position near the Rhône River attracted the Greeks, who established a trading post here. The transformation escalated when the Romans took over in 123 BC, eventually founding the formal colony of Arelate in 46 BC. This period marked significant urban development, with the construction of iconic structures such as the amphitheater and the Roman theatre.
Roman Prosperity and Medieval Decline (50 BC – 1000 AD)
During the Roman era, Arles flourished significantly, becoming one of the empire’s most important cities in Gaul. The city was adorned with impressive monuments and became a thriving center for politics and culture. However, as the Roman Empire declined, so did Arles. During the Middle Ages, the city faced numerous invasions, leading to a period of economic struggle and architectural decay.
Revival and Renaissance (1000 AD – 1600 AD)
The Middle Ages also brought some rebirth for Arles, particularly during the 12th century when it became a major religious center. The famous Saint-Trophime Church is a testament to this era. By the time of the Renaissance, Arles experienced a modest revival in the arts and architecture, influenced significantly by nearby Italian states.
Industrial Age to Modern Day (1600 AD – Present)
The city’s strategic location on the Rhône continued to aid its economy through the industrial age, with the development of railway and river transportation. In the 19th century, Arles inspired the works of Vincent van Gogh, who created over 300 paintings and drawings during his time here. Today, Arles is recognized as a city of historical and cultural significance, boasting numerous Roman and Romanesque monuments which are listed as UNESCO Heritage Sites, and remaining an inspiration for artists and a favorite for historians.
Visit Arles
What to see and do in Arles, France
Visitors to Arles can indulge in both historical exploration and cultural immersion. Key landmarks include the Arles Amphitheater, the Ancient Theatre of Arles, and the Church of Saint-Trophime, showcasing Romanesque architectural brilliance. One must not miss walking through the charming streets of Arles that inspired so many of Van Gogh’s works, or visiting the Fondation Vincent van Gogh to celebrate his legacy. For a deeper dive into local history, the Arles Archaeological Museum offers extensive collections.
- Explore the Roman and Romanesque monuments spread throughout the city
- Visit the Fondation Vincent van Gogh and follow in the footsteps of the artist around Arles
- Experience local life and cuisine at the Arles Market
Recurrent Events in Arles
Arles is host to a variety of events throughout the year that celebrate its rich culture and history. Key amongst them is the International Photography Festival, held every summer. The city comes alive with exhibitions and workshops that attract artists and photographers from around the globe. In spring, the Feria d’Arles takes place; this festival features bullfighting, parades, and music, drawing crowds from across the region.
Best time to visit Arles
The ideal time to visit Arles is late spring through early autumn. From May to September, the weather is pleasantly warm, making it perfect for exploring the ancient streets and enjoying the outdoor events. However, those interested in the photography festival should plan their visit for July when this significant event takes place.
Is Arles worth visiting?
Arles is undoubtedly worth visiting for anyone with an interest in history, art, or architecture. The city offers a unique blend of ancient Roman structures and rich Renaissance culture, all set in the stunning Provence landscape. Furthermore, the UNESCO World Heritage Site status of Arles’ Roman and Romanesque monuments highlights the global significance of its cultural heritage. Whether you are an art lover, a history enthusiast, or simply seeking a picturesque escape, Arles provides an enriching and profound travel experience.
What are some popular local dishes to try in Arles?
- Daube Arlésienne: A Provencal beef stew, slow-cooked with local red wine, herbs, and vegetables, offering deep, aromatic flavors.
- Gardianne de Taureau: A rustic dish made from Camargue bull meat stewed with red wine and herbs, symbolizing the region’s bull-fighting heritage.
- Soupe au Pistou: Similar to minestrone, this soup features summer vegetables and is topped with pistou, a mixture of basil, garlic, and olive oil.
- Fougasse: A type of bread that often includes olives, cheese, or anchovies, reflecting the simplicity and flavors of Provencal cuisine.
Each dish offers a taste of the region’s agricultural bounty and culinary traditions.
Where can I find the best views of Arles?
- The Arles Amphitheatre: Climb to the upper tiers of this ancient Roman arena for panoramic views of the city and the Rhone River.
- Les Alyscamps: Stroll along this ancient Roman necropolis for serene views lined with sarcophagi and cypress trees, plus a perspective on the historic St. Honorat Church.
- The Roof of Le Méjan: This cultural space near the Rhône offers not just art but also a splendid rooftop view of Arles and surroundings, especially at sunset.
These locations provide a mix of historical context and visual delight, perfect for photographers and sightseers alike.
What are some recommended areas for shopping in Arles?
- L’Incalculable: A boutique known for its unique selections of art and design products, perfect for finding one-of-a-kind souvenirs.
- Actes Sud Bookstore: Located in the iconic Luma Tower, this bookstore is ideal for browsing a wide range of books, including those on local history and culture.
- Arles Market: Held on Wednesdays and Saturdays at the Boulevard des Lices, it’s a vibrant place to find local foods, crafts, and textiles.
These spots cater to various interests, showcasing traditional and contemporary goods.
What are the best areas for nature walks in or around Arles?
- Camargue Nature Park: Explore this river delta’s rich biodiversity, spotting flamingos, black bulls, and white horses. It’s a fantastic site for bird watching and nature photography.
- The Rhone River: Walking along the riverbanks provides peaceful views and a gentle terrain, perfect for an easy stroll.
- Alpilles Mountains: Just north of Arles, these mountains offer more challenging hikes with rewarding views over the Provencal landscape.
These areas provide diverse experiences, from leisurely walks to engaging hikes, suitable for all ages and fitness levels.
What are some family-friendly activities in Arles?
- Alyscamps: It’s an ancient Roman necropolis that is now a quiet park, ideal for a family picnic or a leisurely walk.
- Musée Arles Antique: This museum offers interactive exhibits about the Roman history of Arles, which are educational and engaging for kids.
- Boat tours on the Rhône: These provide a relaxing way to see the city from a different perspective and learn about its history.
- The Arles Amphitheatre: Kids often enjoy exploring this large historic structure and learning about its past as a sports arena and fortified village.
These activities combine education, fun, and the ease of accessibility, making them perfect for a family outing.
What are the public transportation options in Arles?
- Buses: Local buses run extensively throughout the city and to neighboring towns, with schedules available online and at bus stations.
- Trains: The Arles Railway Station offers regional and some long-distance services, connecting the city to major destinations like Marseille and Lyon.
- Bike Rentals: Arles is bike-friendly, and several shops offer bikes for rent, allowing tourists to explore the city at their own pace in an eco-friendly manner.
These methods provide convenient ways for tourists to navigate the city and explore the surrounding regions.
Are there any local artisans or workshops where visitors can learn traditional crafts?
- Atelier Luma: This design and nature workshop offers sessions in traditional and sustainable design methods unique to the region.
- Santons Workshop: Learn about the craft of santons, traditional Provencal clay figurines, and even try your hand at painting them.
- Photography Workshops: Given Arles’ significant historical connection to photography, several local studios offer workshops for beginners and enthusiasts alike.
These experiences not only provide skill learning but also offer a deeper understanding and connection to the local culture.
Can you recommend some hidden gems or less crowded attractions in Arles?
- Le Quartier de la Roquette: This charming neighborhood offers a glimpse into the local life with its quaint streets and artisan shops.
- Thermes de Constantin: These rarely crowded Roman baths provide insight into the ancient Roman lifestyle and engineering prowess.
- Musée Réattu: This often-overlooked museum housed in a 16th-century Grand Priory offers a collection of modern art, including works by Picasso.
These attractions provide a more intimate experience of Arles, away from the usual tourist paths.